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Period: to
Packet-switching (PS) networks developed
As we will see later the Internet relies on packets to transfer data.
The origin is military : for utmost security in transferring information of networks (no single outage point).
Data is split into tiny packets that may take different routes to a destination.
Hard to eavesdrop on messages.
More than one route available -- if one route goes down another may be followed.
Networks can withstand large scale destruction (Nuclear attack - This was the time of the Cold War). -
Soviet Union may attack the US communications
in response to fears that the Soviet Union may attack the US communications infrastructure and thus threatening the well-being of the US, the ARPA established IPTO (Informational Processing Technique Office). It was meant to develop “a survivable computer network to interconnect the … main computers at the Pentagon, Cheyenne Mountain, and SAC HQ” -
J.C.R. Licklider
J.C.R. Licklider wrote meos for his Intergalactic Network concept, which everyone in the world can connect to anysite -
ASCII
A joint industry-government committee develops ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
ASCII is is a character-encoding scheme based on the ordering of the English alphabet. -
Birth of Internet
First node at UCLA (Los Angeles) closely followed by nodes at Stanford Research Institute, UCSB (Santa Barbara) and U of Utah (4 Nodes). -
ARPANET
ARPANET is developed from IPTO (Informational Processing Technique Office). -
People communicate over a network
15 nodes (23 hosts) on ARPANET. E-mail is still the main way of inter-person communication on the Internet today.
We will study how to use and send E-mail shortly in this course.
You will make extensive use of E-mail for the rest of your life -
Computers can connect more freely and easily
First public demonstration of ARPANET between 40 machines.
Internetworking Working Group (INWG) created to address need for establishing agreed upon protocols. It is relevent because Telnet specification and * Telnet specification
* Telnet is still a relevant means of inter-machine connection today. -
Networking comes to many
Queen Elizabeth sends out an e-mail.
UNIX was and still is the main operating system used by universities and research establishments.
These machines could now ``talk'' over a network.
Networking exposed to many users worldwide. -
NSFNET (National Science Foundation Network)
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ENQUIRE software
Launched ENQUIRE. it is known as www today -
National Science Foundation
the National Science Foundation funded NSFNet as a cross country 56 Kbps backbone for the Internet. They maintained their sponsorship for nearly a decade, setting rules for its non-commercial government and research uses. -
IRC
IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is a form of real-time Internet text messaging (chat) or synchronous conferencing. It is mainly designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-to-one communication via private message as well as chat and data transfers via Direct Client-to-Client. -
The first effort, other than library catalogs, to index the Internet was created in 1989
The first effort, other than library catalogs, to index the Internet was created in 1989 -
University of Minnesota
In 1991, the first really friendly interface to the Internet was developed at the University of Minnesota. -
"Internet Election"
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MP3
MP3 becomes common for music, it uses such as ipod -
Webcam
First employed in 1991, a webcam was pointed at the Trojan room coffee pot in the computer science department of Cambridge University. The camera was finally switched off on August 22, 2001. The final image captured by the camera can still be viewed at its homepage. The oldest webcam still operating is FogCam at San Francisco State University, which has been running continuously since 1994. -
Webmail
Historically, the first webmail service was Hotmail, created in 1995 by Sabeer Bhatia of India and Jack Smith. Hotmail became very popular, and was later bought by Microsoft and re-branded MSN Hotmail. -
It gave a single place to get information about library catalogs and other telnet resources and how to use them. He maintained it for years, and added HyWebCat in 1997 to provide information on web-based catalogs.
It gave a single place to get information about library catalogs and other telnet resources and how to use them. He maintained it for years, and added HyWebCat in 1997 to provide information on web-based catalogs. -
Google !
Google was invited by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Ph.D. students at Stanford working on the Stanford Digital Library Project (SDLP). -
Internet-based file-sharing gets its roots
Napster lanched, opening up the gates to mainstream file-sharing of audio files over the interent -
DirectX 8
Microsoft release DirectX 8, November 9, 2000. -
Internet Explorer 6.0
Microsoft releases Internet Explorer 6.0 in August 27, 2001. -
Wikipedia
Wikipedia is founded on January 15, 2001 -
Napster
Napster reaches over 26 million users February 2001. -
VoIP
Skype is relesed to pubulic, giving a user-friendly interface to Voice over IP calling -
MySpace becomes the most popular social network
MySpace opens up its doors. It later grew to be the most popular social network at one time -
Social Media and Digg
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"The" Facebook open to college students
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Youtube - streaming video for the masses
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Twitter gets twittering
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Major move to place TV shows
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The iphone and the Mobile
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WWW
WWW (World Wide Web) was invited by Sir Tim Berners Lee -
Government join to internet
Government made internet website used .gov and .org -
Iphone 10
