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725 BCE
"The Iliad"
Written by: Homer -
Period: 500 to Apr 21, 1500
Middle Ages
Emerging from the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Throughout the Middle Ages, which was based pretty much in Italy, the main influence of works were the churches. -
Period: Apr 20, 1100 to Apr 21, 1500
Gothic
Gothic artistic movements developed from the French Romanesque art, and was primarily dominated by architecture. It spread throughout Europe, focusing on the end of the Crusades and the glorification of God. -
Period: Apr 20, 1300 to Apr 21, 1500
Renaissance
The Italian Renaissance was the beginning of the overall European Renaissance, that including a great period of change and achievement. The Renaissance, meaning "rebirth", was the revival of classical antiquity from the Dark Ages. This time period was home to many famous artists whose names are still known and talked of today. -
Apr 21, 1485
"The Birth of Venus"
Renaissance artist: Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510) -
Period: Apr 21, 1545 to
Baroque
The Baroque time period was a style encouraged by the Catholic Church after the Protestant Reformation and the Council of Trent. The church thought that the arts should exemplify religious themes. They often presented triumph and power. -
Period: to
Rococo
Also known as the "Late Baroque" period, affected many aspects of art, including sculpture, painting, architecture, literature, music, and theatre. The Rococo period was essentially a reaction to the Baroque period and its very strict and symmetrical aspects. The Rococo period produced more graceful pieces, with lighter colors and asymmetry. -
Period: to
Neoclassicism
The Neoclassical period is inspired from the classical art of Ancient Rome and Greece. It was born in Rome, but quickly spread all over Europe. The Neoclassical Age seemed to occur simultaneously with the Age of Enlightenment. In comparison to the Rococo period, Neoclassical art emphasized symmetry and simplicity, much like the Ancient Greeks and Romans. -
Period: to
Romanticism
The Romantic period, occurring at the same time as the Neoclassical era, obviously had "competition". Romanticism emphasized emotion and individualism, as well as nature. In response to the Industrial Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment, the idea of modernity became involved. For much time, Romanticism was associated with liberalism and radicalism, however, in the long-run it influenced nationalism. It also began highlighting emotions such as awe, as well as horror and terror. -
Period: to
Realism
After the Revolutions of 1848, Realism began to take over France. Realists abandoned the subject matter of Romanticism, however they amplified the emotionalism and drama of the era. Realism art revolved around the ideas of "real life" situations, and depicted such situations as they would happen in any social class. They seemed to emphasize the working class, yet treating them the same as others within their works. This being said, heroic positions were often unlikely.. -
Period: to
Impressionism
Impressionism is typically distinguished by its very subtle, thin brush strokes. In addition, very accurate depictions of light and unusual angles are incorporated. Impressionism evolved from a group of Parisian artists who worked on their own. Despite the fact that they received much objection from the Parisian community, it soon flourished and the term was coined from Monet's work, Impression. -
Period: to
Post-Impressionism
Post-Impressionism, mainly taking place in France, emerged from the previous Impressionism art movement. These post-impressionists reacted against the impressionists' depictions of light. Post-Impressionism is very broad, and focuses on many traits of previous art eras. Like Impressionism, post-impressionists continued to use the striking colors, and realistic subject matter. However, they tended to use more geometric shapes and distortion. -
Period: to
Claude Monet's "Water Lilies" Oil Paintings
French Impressionist: Claude Monet (1840-1926) -
"The Scream"
Expressionist artist: Edvard Munch (1863-1944) -
Period: to
Fauvism
Fauvism grew from a group of modern artists of the early twentieth century, and greatly stressed strong color instead of realistic colors preserved during the Impressionist phase. Fauvist paintings were made distinctive by their intense brush strokes, and of course, bold colors. While their painting techniques were daring, their subject matter typically seemed to retain simplicity. -
Period: to
Expressionism
Expressionism was a movement that take a larger step towards modernity. It began in Germany, and revolved mostly around emotion, or expressions. Art was often distorted in the hopes of conjuring up emotions and/or ideas. Expressionism was developed before World War I, and remained apparent through the Weimar Republic. -
Period: to
Cubism
Cubism was an early start to the transformation of European painting and sculpture. It also stimulated movements in music, literature, and architecture. One of the main influencers of cubism was the portrayal of three dimensional art. Generally, cubists examine an object, and then break them and and distort them, creating an abundance of perspectives. Cubism took off across the globe, and was the forerunner for many diverse artistic movements. -
Period: to
Futurism
Originating in Italy, the futurist movement underlined technology, violence, and modernity. Every medium of art was practiced, and its goal was to free Italy from holding onto its past. A major contributor to Futurism was the Cubist movement. In many paintings and such, cubist techniques were often mirrored. Modern urban scenes were frequently painted, as well as the idea of intuition. -
Period: to
Dada
Dada art was expanded in response to World War I, and included artists whom expressed nonsense and illogical features. This movement extended across many artistic aspects, including visual, literary, and sound media. Frequently, these artists' works are communicated through violence, war, and/or nationalism. -
Period: to
Surrealism
Beginning in the early 1920s, the surrealist movement was not only an artistic movement, but a cultural movement. Best known for its visual works, the objective of many surrealists was to settle the ideas of dreams versus reality. Many scenes were painted illogically, with many distortions that can be interpreted in a number of different ways. The element of surprise is typically integrated in these works. Surrealism emerged from the Dada era of World War I, and eventually took over the globe. -
"Guernica"
Surrealist artist: Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) -
Period: to
Abstract Expressionism
Although Abstract Expressionism mainly took place in the US, it surfaced from the immigrants from Europe, particularly Paris. In addition, the name is coined from the German Expressionists, and has evolved from the surrealist, cubist, and futurist movements. Also, Abstract Expressionism has a tendency to incorporate a rebellious and anarchic mood. -
Period: to
Pop Art
The Pop Art movement, issuing from Britain, tested traditional cultures by encompassing images from popular culture. Frequently, images in this period were removed from their context, and were placed in unrelated material. Pop art was used a lot for advertising, as well as in comic books. Pop art is extensively regarded as a response to Abstract Expressionism, while simultaneously expanding these ideas. -
Period: to
Op Art
Short for Optical Art, is a type of visual art, specifically optical illusions. These illusions commonly give the viewer an imitation of movement or hidden images within the piece. Op Art seems to have emerged from a number of movements, including Cubism, Futurism, and Dada, and is also linked with psychological research. -
Period: to
Photorealism
Encompassing all types of graphic media, photorealism revolves around the idea of the artist analyzing a photograph in an attempt to reproduce it as closely as possible. Photorealism evolved from Pop Art, as well as Abstract Expressionism in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Many of these European painters attracted a large amount of attention from the US, therefore spreading the photorealist movement further, -
"Hamlet"
Both a book and a production by: William Shakespeare (1554-1616)