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BEGINNING OF HAITIAN REVOLUTION
Slaves in saint-dominque (Now Haiti) were fed up with their harsh treatment and began revolting against French colonial rule. -
Slaves revolting in Haiti
It got real when the revolution kicked off big time with a massive slave uprising, led by Toussaint L'Ouverture and other leaders. -
Slaves revolting in Haiti and joining forces
France was like, "Okay, fine, we'll free the slaves," because they were dealing with their own revolution drama at home. Toussaint was like, "Cool, cool," and joined forces with them. -
Toussiant declaring himself Governor-General
Toussaint was running the show, declaring himself Governor-General for life. He was all about peace and order, but France wasn't feeling it. -
Napoleons troops shut down Toussaint
France was like, "Nah, we're not cool with this," and sent Napoleon's troops to shut Toussaint down. -
Toussaint got betrayed
Toussaint got betrayed, captured, and sent to die in a French prison. But his peeps didn't give up the fight. -
Haiti wins the war
Because France could not re-supply their troops and
suffered fever in their camps, Haiti wins the war in
November 1803. -
Haiti declared independence
Boom! Haiti declared independence, becoming the first black republic in the world. Jean-Jacques Dessalines was like, "I'm the big boss now," and became the first ruler of
independent Haiti. -
The beginning of the Mexican War of Independence
September 16 - The "Grito de Dolores" (Cry of Dolores) is issued by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic
priest, rallying Mexicans to revolt against Spanish colonial rule. This event marks the beginning of the
Mexican War of Independence. -
Boliver becomes involved in the Venezuela independence movement
Bolívar becomes involved in the Venezuelan independence movement following the outbreak of the Venezuelan War of Independence against Spanish colonial rule. -
Sufferer defeats at the Battle of Calderón Bridge.
Hidalgo's forces suffer defeat at the Battle of Calderón Bridge, leading to his capture and execution. José
María Morelos assumes leadership of the independence movement -
Convenes the Congress of Chilpancingo
Morelos convenes the Congress of Chilpancingo, which declares Mexico's independence and adopts the
"Sentiments of the Nation" document outlining principles for a future Mexican state. -
The “Decree of War to the Death” was issued
Bolívar issues the "Decree of War to the Death" (Decreto de Guerra a Muerte), which declared total war against Spanish forces and harsh treatment for any captured Spaniards. -
The Independence movement faces seatbacks
Morelos is captured and executed by Spanish forces. The independence movement faces setbacks but
continues under other leaders. -
Period: to
Victories won
Won victories in Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador between 1817-1822, led to the independent state of Gran Colombia -
The crossing of the Andes from Venezuela into New Granada lead to defeating Spanish forces
Bolívar leads the daring and arduous "Admirable Campaign," crossing the Andes from Venezuela into New Granada (present-day Colombia), defeating Spanish forces, and liberating several territories. -
Period: to
Grand Colombia
Existed as an independent state until 1830 when Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador became separate independent nations. -
Adoption of the Liberal Spanish
Liberal factions within Spain's army initiate a rebellion, leading to the adoption of the liberal Spanish
Constitution of 1812. This event encourages Mexican independence supporters. -
Signing of the Treaty of Córdoba
The Plan of Iguala leads to the signing of the Treaty of Córdoba on August 24, effectively ending the war
and recognizing Mexico's independence from Spain. -
The alliance formed causes a crucial turning point in the independence struggle
Agustín de Iturbide, a former royalist officer, joins forces with Vicente Guerrero, a revolutionary leader, to
form the Plan of Iguala, which calls for Mexican independence, unity, and equality. This alliance marks a
crucial turning point in the independence struggle. -
Victory over Spanish forces in the Battle of Carabobo
Bolívar's forces, alongside those of his ally José de San Martín, achieve victory over Spanish forces in the Battle of Carabobo, securing Venezuela's independence. -
Iturbide is declared emperor of Mexico
Iturbide is declared emperor of Mexico but faces opposition and is later forced to abdicate. -
Mexico becomes a federal republic
Mexico becomes a federal republic, adopting a republican constitution. -
The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States becomes enacted
The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States is enacted, establishing the framework for the
newly independent nation. -
Mexico becomes a republic
Mexico became a republic in 1824 -
Battle of Junín in Peru
Bolívar leads the Battle of Junín in Peru, securing a decisive victory against Spanish forces. -
Bolivia is established as an independent republic
Bolivia, named in honor of Bolívar, is established as an independent republic. -
Congress fails to achieve significant results
Bolívar convenes the Congress of Panama, aiming to promote unity and cooperation among the newly independent Latin American nations. However, the congress fails to achieve significant results.