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Camera obscura
The forerunner to the photographic camera was the camera obscura. Camera obscura (Latin for "dark room") is the natural optical phenomenon that occurs when an image of a scene at the other side of a screen (or for instance a wall) is projected through a small hole in that screen and forms an inverted image. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera] -
Early Fixed Images
The first partially successful photograph of a camera image was made in approximately 1816 by Nicéphore Niépce,[1][2] using a very small camera of his own making and a piece of paper coated with silver chloride, which darkened where it was exposed to light. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera] -
Daguerreotypes and calotypes
After Niépce's death in 1833, his partner Louis Daguerre continued to experiment and by 1837 had created the first practical photographic process, which he named the daguerreotype and publicly unveiled in 1839. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera] -
Dry plates
Collodion dry plates had been available since 1857, thanks to the work of Désiré van Monckhoven, but it was not until the invention of the gelatin dry plate in 1871 by Richard Leach Maddox that the wet plate process could be rivaled in quality and speed.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera] -
Kodak and the birth of film
The use of photographic film was pioneered by George Eastman, who started manufacturing paper film in 1885 before switching to celluloid in 1888-1889. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera] -
35 mm
The first 35mm cameras available to the public, and reaching significant numbers in sales were the Tourist Multiple, in 1913, and the Simplex, in 1914.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera] -
TLRs and SLRs
The first practical reflex camera was the Franke & Heidecke Rolleiflex medium format TLR of 1928. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera] -
Automation
The first camera to feature automatic exposure was the selenium light meter-equipped, fully automatic Super Kodak Six-20 pack of 1938. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera] -
Instant cameras
While conventional cameras were becoming more refined and sophisticated, an entirely new type of camera appeared on the market in 1948. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera] -
Digital cameras
Digital cameras differ from their analog predecessors primarily in that they do not use film, but capture and save photographs on digital memory cards or internal storage instead. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera]
