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Feb 2, 1512
A Taino man by the name of Diego Velásquez
His famous quote is still said today whilst speaking of the colonization of the Caribbean, “..Hatuey was tied to a stake at the Spanish camp, where he was burned alive. Just before lighting the fire, a priest offered him spiritual comfort, .. “Are there people like you in heaven?” He asked “There are many like me in heaven,” answered the priest. Hatuey answered that he wanted nothing to do with a God that would allow such cruelty to be unleashed in his name” (History of Cuba, 0000). -
Acoma Massacre
In 1598 the Acoma discovered plans for Spain to establish Encomienda's and remove the Acoma from their mesa ad force them into Catholicism. After a fight with a scouting force, Juan de Oñate laid siege to the Pueblo killing 500 warriors & 300 women and children and ordering the amputation of the right foot of all men over 25, then enslaving captives for 20 years.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoma_Massacre) -
African Slaves brought to the British Colonies
The events of 1619 where a group of 20 Africans were brought to Virginia is often thought of as "the beginning of African slavery in the British colonies". While not truly the beginning, it could be thought of as a turning point of slavery in America. The Trans-Atlantic Slave trade, in addition to the immeasurable suffering it brought, worked to shape the experiences of Africans around the world (including America). It shaped society, politics, economics, etc for centuries (into today). Diarra -
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Portuguese royal family moves to Brazil
The Braganza royal family departed for Brazil just days before Napoleonic forces invaded Portugal. National Library, Botanic Garden, News, and surgery colleges are created. -
Liberia gains independence
On July 26, The Liberian Declaration of Independence was adopted and signed. In it, Liberians charged their "mother country", the United States, with injustices that made it necessary for them to leave and make new lives for themselves in Africa. They called upon the international community to recognize the independence and sovereignty of Liberia. Britain was one of the first nations to recognize the new country. The United States did not recognize Liberia until the American Civil War. -
Battle of Sugar Point
It is widely known as one of the last battles between the US government and the Natives. “One of the most cited complaints among the Ojibwe at that time was a ‘dead and burnt wood’ clause which allowed the lumber barons to purchase timber at a greatly reduced rate if it was in such condition. They would often start forest fires and then quickly harvest both semi-burnt and green wood and claim it all as ‘dead’, reaping massive profits at the expense of the Ojibwe” (Duoos, 2020). -
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Japanese Immigration to Brazil
Japanese immigration to Brazil started in 1908 as a replacement for European immigrants to work for the State of Sāo Paulo's expanding coffee industry. It peaked in the late 1920s and early 1930s despite growing anti-Japanese sentiments in Brazil. -
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Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a period in American history from the 1920s and 1930s. During this time, many African-Americans migrated from the South to Northern cities, seeking economic and creative opportunities as an outlet for writers, musicians, artists, and photographers, with a particular concentration in Harlem, New York. Harlem Renaissance
-Raquel Willis -
Yamamoto Kunii's family migrates to Brazil
Akira Kunii went to Brazil at four years old. Kikuyo was 14, and Toshiro Yamamoto went to Brazil in 1934. -
Segerated (and nonsegerated ?) Units in wwii
The US military in WWII was segerated- due to the WWII starting before the civic rights movement. Like many black families, the (unequal but benefital) access to some GI benefits post WWII and Korea allowed families to move north to desegerated spaces. My great grandfather- according to oral history in my family- was in a desgerated unit. Making him move from OK to MN. Allowing some familar wealth. But was soon hit by the destruction of rondo. -
Hernandez v Texas
After the conviction of Pete Hernandez by an all white jury, a case moved forward that Latinos deserved 14th amendment protections. According to the Treaty with the US and Mexico, former Mexican citizens were classified as white to avoid racism by the US, but that prevented protection under the 14th.
SCOTUS ruled that Latinos were indeed a protected class under the 14th Amendment due to the treatment of Mexican decedents by Texas.
(https://www.oyez.org/cases/1940-1955/347us475) -
Colombian women exercised the right to vote for the first time.
Colombian women voted for the first time. Women were finally able to participate a election in which voters decided to implement a new, bi-partisan government and end a ten-year violent period of political civil war known as "La Violencia". General Pinilla, in charge of the political transition, supported this initiative. While women's rights were not at the heart of the conflict that the reform sought to end, women insisted on the right to vote whenever constitutional reform was at stake. -
The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was founded
The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee was the start of the Civil Rights Movement for me. The energy and ideas and radicalism that these young people brought to the movement pushed the Souther Christian Leadership Conference to embrace more progressive ideals, or at least engage with them. -
Resettlement & The Construction of Ghana's Akosombo Dam
In the years following Ghana's independence, Ghana's first president, Kwame Nkrumah, undertook a feat to help spearhead the nation into an era of modernization. One of his strategies involved creating the Akosombo dam, which was intended to increase irrigation during the country's dry seasons, process bauxite for aluminum exports, and provide electricity across the nation. Unfortunately, about 80k people were displaced and experienced extreme poverty as a result of poor resettlement strategies. -
"Brother Sam"
U.S. operation "Brother Sam" involved petroleum shipments, a naval task force, and tons of arms and ammunition in preparation for intervention during the 1964 coup. When the Brazilian military gained control without calling on ready assistance, US policymakers immediately recognized the new government and set plans for economic support in motion. -
Loving v. Virginia Decision
A landmark civil rights decision, in 1967 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that laws banning interracial marriage violate the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment. With the ACLU's help, this decision also overturned the previous convictions that Mildred and Richard Loving faced in Virginia. After the case, the couple moved back to Virginia and lived in a house Richard built. -
Pedagogy of the Oppressed
Dedicated to the oppresses and based on his experience helping Brazilian adults read and write, Freire includes a detailed Marxist class analysis in his exploration of the relationship between the colonizer and the colonized. In the book, Freire calls traditional pedagogy the "banking model of education" because it treats the student as an empty vessel to be filled with knowledge, like a piggy bank. He argues that pedagogy should treat the learner as a co-creator of knowledge instead. -
Mule Train 1968
In May 1968 mule train left the small town of Marks, Miss (the Mississippi Delta)., bound for the nation's capital. They were answering a call to action the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. made just days before he was assassinated. This was also the catalyst for the poor people's campaign. This event brings me both joy and sadness. Both my mother's and father's family were involved, I take pride in what they were trying to accomplish. ~Laquita Love-Limo~ -
October 3, 1995
When the O.J. Simpson verdict was read, the response from people of various backgrounds opened my eyes to how people truly felt about people of color. At that time, I was a high school senior and felt the world was full of possibilities and my race was not a factor in what I could accomplish. But hearing and seeing the division among both white and black people, who I had viewed as friends, shocked me. Until that moment, I had been shielded from how my race might impact how people viewed me. -
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iPhone
When the iPhone was released it changed how people communicated. Today, more people own smart phones than landlines. The iPhone changed journalism, how history is reported and recorded and how people interact with each other. Smart phones have allowed people to access information quicker than ever before. The introduction of the smart phone brought people closer and created communities that spanned the world. Sixteen years later, smart phones continue to evolve and change our society. -
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iPhone Released
When the iPhone was released it changed how people communicated. Today, more people own smart phones than landlines. The iPhone changed journalism, how history is reported and recorded and how people interact with each other. Smart phones have allowed people to access information quicker than ever before. The introduction of the smart phone brought people closer and created communities that spanned the world. Sixteen years later, smart phones continue to evolve and change our society. -
Trayvon Martin Killing
On the evening of February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida George Zimmerman fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old boy. This is the first time as a mother of 3 black sons I had to really sit down and have the race talk with my boys. This is the first protest we attended. -
Dilma Rousseff impeachment
She is the first woman to have held the Brazilian presidency. She was found guilty of breaking budgetary laws and removed from office. It's a mark of the corrupt government in Brazil with ties to military influence. The recession of the economy and the increase in poverty are marks of corruption scandals. See Operation Car Wash (2014-2022), -
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COVID 19
WHO declared COVID19 a Pandemic -
End of 45
Trump was insistent he would serve a second term. When he lost, he lied that the election had been stolen from him, and then, on Jan. 6 he incited a mob to march to the Capitol. His presidency was marked with lies, a lack of diplomacy, scandal, and the greatest level of polarization amongst Americans. -
Togetherness fell Apart
Afghanistan's government collapsed and the Taliban has been in power since then. Afghans who worked with the U.S. government and international organizations kept approaching their employers/networks to find a way to flee the country.
The collapse of Afghanistan is a significant event in history because Afghans are deprived of their basic rights in Afghanistan. Besides, Afghans who fled the country are struggling to learn a new system, and the language barrier is another issue. -
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NASA Announces "2023 Hottest Summer on Record"
The environmental justice movement in the U.S. is largely supported by the Latinx community. Many Latinx work outdoors (construction & farm labor) and live in states where climate change is already impacting quality of life & economies (California, Texas, & Florida). One challenge is surviving the severe heat waves. This is difficult for Latinx who work full-time outdoors, can't afford A/C due to increased utility bills, or refuse medical help due to fear of deportation. -- Monica Martinez
