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Jan 1, 1300
Bubonic Plague strikes
The bubonic plague strikes killing up to 60 percent of the population. -
Period: Jan 1, 1300 to
Period of the Renaissance
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Period: Jan 1, 1434 to Dec 31, 1464
Cosimo's Control
Cosimo won control of flourence's government. He was the dictator of Florence. -
Jan 1, 1440
Johann Gutenberg
A craftsman from Mainz, Germany, developed a printing press that incorporated a number of technologies in new ways. It made making books cheaper and quicker. -
Period: Jan 1, 1452 to Dec 31, 1519
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist. He was constidered to be a true Renaissance man. He painted some of the best-known art such as the Mona Lisa and the Last supper. -
Jan 1, 1453
End of the Hundred Years' War
The war began in 1337.The longbow changed warfare when it was created because it could penatrate through body armor and shoot from up higher up. Both sides excperienced major changes. -
Jan 1, 1460
Donatello's David
Donatello made sculptures more realistic by carving natural postures and exspressions. He made a statue of David, a boy who, according to the bible, grew up to be a king. -
Period: Jan 1, 1475 to Dec 31, 1564
Michelangelo Bounarroti
Michelangelo was a Renaissance man also. He excelled as a painter, sculptor, architect, and poet. He is most famous for the way he portrrayed the human body in painting and sculpture. His greatest acheivemetns are the dome of St. Peter's, the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and the statue of David. -
Period: Jan 1, 1483 to Jan 1, 1546
Martin Luther
Fear led Luther to become a monk. When he was 21 he was caught in a terrible thunderstorm and he was convinced he would die. His parents had wanted him to become a lawyer instead of a teacher or monk. -
Period: Jan 1, 1492 to Dec 31, 1547
Colonna
Women writers who gained fame during the Renaissance usually wrote about personal subjects, not politics. -
Period: Jan 1, 1504 to Jan 1, 1506
Mona Lisa
A painting thought to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, at 16, married Francesco del Giocondo, a wealthy merchant of Florence who commissioned the portrait. -
Jan 1, 1508
School of Athens
A painting of the school of Athens was for the pope's apartments in the Vatican shows that the scholors of ancient Greece were highly honored. -
Jan 1, 1509
Praise of Folly
Erasmus's most famous work. This book poked fun at greedy merchants, heartsick loversquarrelsome scholoars, and pompous priests. -
Jan 1, 1509
Henry VIII
Henry became king of England in 1509. He was devout Catholic. -
Jan 1, 1512
Martin Luther
From 1512 to his death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony. All he wanted was to be a good christian, not to lead a religious revolution. -
Jan 1, 1513
The Prince
A story by Niccolo Machiavelli, examines the imperfect conduct of human beings by taking form of a political guide book. -
Jan 1, 1516
Thomas More
Tried showing a better model of society. He wrote the book Utopia. In greek Utopia means "no place." It's about an imaginary land where greed, corruption, and war have been weeded out. -
Jan 1, 1517
Martin Luther
In 1517, Luther decided to take to the public and stand against the actions of a Friar named Johann Tetzel. -
Jan 1, 1520
Martin Luther
Pope Leo X issued a decree threatening Luther with excommunication unless he took back hes statements. Luther did not take back a word. -
Jan 1, 1521
Martin Luther
Charles V summoned Luther to the town of Worms to stand trial. -
Jan 1, 1522
Martin Luther
When Luther returned to Wittenberg. He discobered that many of his ideas were already being put into practice. -
Jan 1, 1522
Ignatius of Loyola
Ignatius began writing a book called Spiritual Exercises that laid out a day-by-day plan of meditation, prayer, and study. -
Jan 1, 1524
Martin Luther
German peasants, excited by reformers' talk of Christian freedom, demanded an end to serfdom. -
Jan 1, 1527
Henry VIII
Henry was convinced that the 42 year old Catherine would have no more children. He wanted to divorce her and take a younger queen. -
Jan 1, 1528
Baldassare Castiglione
He wrote a book called the Courtier that taught how to be such a person. -
Jan 1, 1529
Martin Luther
German princes who remained loyal to the pope agreed to join forces againt Luther's ideas. The princes who supported Luther signed a protest against the argument. -
Jan 1, 1529
Henry VII
Henry called Parliament into session and asked it to pass a set of laws that ended the pope's power in England. Known as the Reformation Parliament. -
Jan 1, 1533
Henry VIII
Henry secretly married Anne Boleyn, who was in her 20s. Shortly after, Parliament legalized Henry's divorce from Catherine. -
Jan 1, 1536
Henry VIII
Anne Boleyn is beheaded for being found guilty of treason. -
Jan 1, 1536
Institures fo the Christian Religion
Calvin published a book expressing his ideas about God, salvation, and human nature. -
Jan 1, 1537
Henry VIII
Jane Seymour, Henrys third wife, gave him a son named Edward. Jane Seymour died two weeks later. Henry married three more times. -
Jan 1, 1540
Jesuits
The pope created a religioous order for his followers called the Society of Jesus. Members were called Jesuits. They would focus on founded schools throughout Europe, to convert non-Christians to Catholicism, and to stop spread of Protestantism. -
Period: Jan 1, 1545 to Dec 31, 1563
Council of Trent
Catholic bishops and cardinals agreed on several doctrines. The church's interpretion of the Bible was final. If you substituted your own interpretation it was heretic. Christians needed faith and good works for salvation. The Bible and Church were equally powerful authorities for guiding Christian life, and Indulgences were valid expressions of faith. -
Jan 1, 1547
Henry VIII
After Henry's death, each of his three children ruled England in turn. -
Jan 1, 1550
Bruegel
An Elder. Bruegel was interested in realistic details and individual people. He was skillful at portraying large numbers of people. -
Jan 1, 1550
Elizabethan Age
When the Renaissance spred to England in the mid-1500's. Known as the Elizabethan Age, after Queen Elizabeth I. -
Jan 1, 1555
Charles
Charles, weary of fighting, ordered all German princes, both Protestant and Catholic, to assemble in the city of Augsburg. -
Jan 1, 1559
Anglican Church
Parliament followed Elizabeth's wishes and set up the Church of England, Anglican Church. -
Jan 1, 1559
John Knox
Knox put Calvin's ideas to work. Each community church was governed by a group of laymen called elders or prebyters. -
Jan 1, 1559
Index fo Forbidden Books
Paul IV had officials draw up a list of books considered dangerous to the Catholic faith. Catholic bisops throughout Europe were ordered to gather up the offensive books and burn them in bonfires. -
Jan 1, 1564
William Shakespeare
The most famous writer in the Elizabethan Age. He was regarded as the greatest playwright of all time. Shakespeare was born in 1567 in Stratfor-upon-Avon, a small town about 90 miles northwest of London. He soon was writing many plays and poems and would be performing at the Globe Theatre. -
Aug 24, 1572
Huguenots and Catholics Violently Clash
Catholic mobs began hunting for Protestants and murdering them. The massacres spread to other cities and lasted 6 months. It's believed that 12,000 Huguenots were killed. -
End of the 15th Century
Renaissance ideas began to spred north from Italy.