Chapter 9 Timeline

Battle of Tours

Oct 10, 732

The battle of Tours was fought between the Franks and the Umayyad Caliphate. Charles Martel was able to be victorious against the Arabs and was able to stop the spreading of Islam throughout Europe. It was fought between Tours and Poitiers.

Cornonation of Charlemagne

Jan 1, 800

Charlemange, the king of the Franks, was coronated as emperor of the Romans in 800 C.E. by Pope Leo III. Charlemange encourgaed a cultural and intellectual revival in Europe, and by the time of his death, he had conquered most of Western Europe. Charlemange was also important in the survival of Christianity in Europe.

Formation of Kievan Russia

Jan 1, 900

In 900 CE, Kievan Russia was formed. It was founded by viking Oleg, and at its peak had lands from the black sea to the baltic sea. Inhibited by a number of tribes. It was turned Christian by Grand Prince Vladimir.

The Beginning of Holy Roman Empire

Jan 1, 962

The Holy Roman Empire was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in central Europe. It started with Charlemagne and with Pope Urban II coronating him. It lasted until 1806 when Napolean defeated Emperor Francis II.

Vladmir becomes grand prince of Kievan Russia

Jun 11, 980

Vladmir was forced to flee after his father's death, and he was forced to overcome a brother of his to take Kiev. Vladmir expanded the Kievan realm from Ukraine to the Baltic sea, and was the first Christian ruler of Kievan Russia, traditionally pagan.

Start of the revival of Western Europe

Jan 1, 1000

Starting in 1000 CE to 1200 CE, Western Europe revived. The population grew as technology expanded. Horse collars were invented and agriculture grew. Also this led to expansion of trade. Muslim products came via the silk road as the Italian states expanded in trade.

East-West Schism or Great Schism

Jan 1, 1054

In 1054, there was a formal schism between the Latin and Orthodox Churches. This was due to disputes over papal authority as well as on going political, social, and theological differences between the churches. Pope Leo IX and Patriarch Michael I excommunicated each other.

William the Conquerer invades England

Sep 28, 1066

In 1066, William the Conquerer claimed his right to the throne and invaded England. He defeated King Herold II and established a new era in British history. William the Conquerer established a Norman influence on Britian.

Climax of investiture controversy

Jan 1, 1077

Investiture controversy was the most significant conflict between church and state in medieval Europe. Popes challenged the authority of monarchs. Popes and monarchs fought over who would name powerful church officials. The climax was between Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV, the Holy Roman Emperor.

First Crusade

Nov 27, 1095

In 1095, Pope Urban II launched the first crusade on the Musliims inorder to regain Holy land taken by the Muslims. Knights, peasants, and serfs all traveled to Constantinople then to Jerusalem and captured Jerusalem in 1099. There were a total of 9 crusades.