-
Open Door Policy
The open door policy allows equal trading privileges between all countries that trade with China. This policy was created by US Secretary of State, John Hay in 1899. Included in this policy was Great Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Japan, and Russia. This policy stayed in use for more than 40 years. The open door policy had three main parts; all ports must remain open for use by others members of the treaty, the Chinese government should collect taxes on all trade and no power is taken from pay -
Communist Control in China
Leader Mao Zedong took over control of China after the Chinese Revolution. He was a communist leader and ruled from 1949 until he died in 1976. Under his rule, the People’s Republic of China or the PCR was formed. This ended the civil war that had sprang up in China right after World War II and caused China to ally themselves with the Soviet Union, who provided military supplies to them. After Mao Zedong’s reign, communist leader Deng Xiaoping took control and ruled from 1978 until 1992. -
Sino-Soviet Treaty of Freindship
The Sino Soviet Treaty of Friendship is a treaty between China and the Soviets; the soviets provided aid to the Chinese. It was a treaty of mutual assistance, to protect the two Communist countries from the United States containment policy. It was established between Mao Zedong and Stalin. -
Korean War
The Korean war was between Communist North and Capitalist South. It started in 1950. America and the United Nations sided with the South and the Soviets and China sided with the North. The war consisted of the North advancing south, taking territory and prompting a response from the U.S.. Then U.S. and Korean forces pushed back. China got involved and backed the North. They, in turn, pushed the South further down. The conflict ended in 1953 with the border in the same place; the 38th parallel. -
Second Taiwan Crisis
The second Taiwan crisis was when Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong and his Nationalist followers relocated to Taiwan in order to liberate it. The U.S sent its Seventh Fleet into the Taiwan Strait to prevent Korean conflict spreading south. With the Seventh Fleet present, Chinese leaders were angered and sent their troops to the Korean front. In late 1945, the U.S. Government took action. In 1955, the Formosa Resolution was passed, this allowed Eisenhower to defend Taiwan from communism. -
The Great Leap Forward
The Great Leap Forward was a campaign taken on by Chinese communists to advance industry and agriculture. They would put the people to work. They wanted to disregard the common practice of attaining heavy machinery to accomplish tasks, and instead to use manpower to build their industry and agriculture. They requested that people build steel furnaces in their backyards to increase the country’s steel production. In essence, they wished to increase China’s prestige and ability to produce items. -
Sino-Soviet Split
The Soviets wanted the Chinese to follow in the path they're taking. However, Mao Zedong didn’t have an urban workers population, so he had to hold back on this advice. With the death of Stalin, Khrushchev took control of Russia, he and Mao didn't agree with some of the policies such as the Great Leap Forward. The Soviets denied helping China create nuclear weapons; USSR sided with others, causing a split in their alliance. -
Nixon Visits China
Richard Nixon was the US president from 1969 until 1974. He visited China in 1972 to recognize their government and establish better terms with them. Because of the formation of the PRC the US had ended all diplomatic relations and trade systems with China. These talks were the first steps in re-establishing diplomatic relations between China and the US. Nixon’s visit to China sparked the interest of the Soviet Union, so they called for a meeting of their own.
