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Civil Rights Bill of 1866
First time that civil rights was introduced into Congress to decide who was and who was not citizens. Andrew Johnson vetoed the bill. -
14th Amendment
Granted citizenship to all persons, including former slaves, and equal protection under the law -
15th Amendment
Granted African-American men the right to vote even if they had been former slaves. Mainly in the south, voting restrictions were put into place to keep them from voting. -
Women's Suffrage First Introduced
The bill was introduced but would not be ratified until the 19th amendment which is worded exactly the same as the one first introduced. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Homer Plessy refused to sit in a train car for blacks only. It established the rule of “separate but equal” which allowed greater racial segregation. This was true in the south mostly with Jim Crow laws. -
NAACP founded
The NAACP was created in 1909 by an interracial group consisting of W.E.B. Du Bois, Ida Bell Wells-Barnett, Mary White Ovington, and others concerned with the challenges facing African Americans, especially in the wake of the 1908 Springfield (Illinois) Race Riot. -
19th Amendment
Gave women the right to vote. It was worded the same as when it was first introduced. -
Shelly v. Kramer
Supreme Court case that struck down racially restrictive housing covenants. The court decided that the 14th amendment prohibits the state from enforcing restrictive covenants that would prohibit a person from occupying or owning property based on race or color. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Supreme Court case that ruled that racial segregation of children in public schools unconstitutional even if they are said to be separate and equal. -
Rosa Parks refuses to give up her bus seat
Rosa refuses to give up her seat for a white passenger while she was sitting in the colored section of a Montgomery bus. This led to her arrest and the future Montgomery Bus Boycott -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. ... The Act prohibited discrimination in public accommodations and federally funded programs. It also strengthened the enforcement of voting rights and the desegregation of schools. -
NOW formed
The National Organization for Women. The organization works to help ensure women’s rights such as equal pay and employment opportunities. -
Green v. County School Board of New Kent County
New Kent County's freedom of choice desegregation plan did not comply with the dictates of Brown v. Board of Education and was therefore unconstitutional. -
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
It ruled that busing students to promote integration is constitutional. Students could be bussed from the mostly black neighborhoods into the white schools to create a better balance. -
Proposition 209 – California- 1996- Proposition 209
California Civil Rights Initiative or CCRI) is a California ballot proposition which, upon approval in November 1996, amended the state constitution to prohibit state governmental institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment, public contracting, and public education. It was the first electoral test of affirmative action policies in North America.