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The Montgomery Bus Boycott
On the day of December 5, 1955 African Americans had formed the Montgomery Improvement Association to try and end segregation. The people chose Dr Martin Luther King Jr, to lead them in the boycott. There was a meeting at Dexter Ave Baptist Church.The boycott lasted over over a year. Instead of riding a bus they would do car pools or walked to their destination. November 1956 the court declared Alabama's laws against segreagting buses was illegal. *MLK came upon the techniques from Gandhi -
The Little Rock NIne
The school board located in Little Rock, Arkansas, won a court decision the demanded that nine African American students be enrolled to Central High, a school of 2,000 white students.Orval Faubus ordered troops from the Arkansas National Guard to stop the nine students from entering the school. A white mob formed to try and intimidate the students. Eisenhower had to send troops so the students would be able to enter the school. The next year Fabous ordered that three public high schools close. -
Civil Rights Act 1957
The Civil Rights Act was created to protect African Americans right to vote. Some of the Southern Senators had tried to stop the Act but the majority leader made a compromise. The final outcome of the act wasnt as strong as it was supposed to be. This created a civil rights division in the Department of Justice. It created the United States Commission on the Civil Rights. SCLC introduced a campaign to allow 2 million African American voters. -
The Sit-in Movement
Four African American freshman decided to sit at an whites only lunch counter. They were refused service when they tried to order. They sat there until closing time and continued to sit there until they were given the same treatment as the whites. The next day more African American students arrived at Woolworth. At the end of that week there was over 300 students at the sit-in and spreaded to 100 cities. The student were punched, pushed, kicked,and burned. The students established SNCC. -
Freedom Riders
James Farmer asked teams of whites and blacks volunteers to travel to the South and draw attention to the refusal to intergrate the bus terminals. When the buses arrived they were attacked by angry mobs. The mobs would throw rocks, slit tires, even throw fire bombs. In Birmingham the mob had bats, chains, and pipes. There were no cops on the scene because it was Mothers Day. *Fun Fact- The Public Safety Commisioner called in the KKK to beat the Freedom Riders -
James Meredith & the Desegregation of the University of Mississippi
Meredith was an African Air Force Veteran who was trying to transfer to the University of Mississippi. When he tried to register the Governor was blocking his path. The fighting continued all night -
Protests in Birmingham
Martin Luther King Jr, realized that only when the violence was crazy was when the government would intervene. Dr, King advisor advised that they needed a crisis. So Dr.King began to do demonstrations in Birmingham and Alabama. Bull Connor was running for Mayor now. King was arrested but that didnt stop him. He wrote a letter from jail that what the protester were doing was a high moral law. Dr.King was released and the protest began to rise again. Kennedy saw the violence and ordered a new bill -
The March on Washington
This was Dr.King's way of getting more public support for Kennedy. More than 200,000 people of all races walked to Washington. There was speeches, and song going on as the walked to the Lincoln Memorial. Dr.King gave his "I have a dream" speech. This March and his speech gave life for the Civil Rights Bill. Although Congress still did what ever they had to slow down the bill. **Fun Fact: there was 2000 freedom buses and 30 freedom trains -
Civil Rights Movement 1964
President Kennedy was assassinated but Johnson gave his all to try and get the bill passed. Johnson knew how to earn public support, pressure congress, and use the rules tog et what he wanted. The bill was passed in July. This bill gave the federal gov't power to stop racial discrimination. It also made segregation illegal. it established the EEOC. **Fun Facts: Dr.King attended the official signing of the law. -
Selma March
Selma was the focus point of Dr.King's Campaign for voting rights. Only 3% of Afican Americans were registered to vote. The people marched from Selma to the capital of Montgomery.As they were head out the sheriff demanded them to go back. MAny African Americans were beaten and left them hospitalized. Eights days after President Johnson mad a new voting rights law. *** Fun Fact the second march had more than 1000 people -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
This law stopped descriminatory devices and sent federal examiners to register qualified voters. Nearly 250,000 African Americans were registered to vote by the end of that year. This was a turning point for the Civil Rights. **Fun Fact often called the Crown Jewel of the Civil Rights -
MLK Assassination
MLK was assassinated while standing on the balcony of his hotel. His assassination caused mourning and riots throught 100 cities. His death marked the end of an important era in American History. **Fun Fact: the day before he did he said a speech talking about how he wont make it to the promise land with the people
