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Conscription
a draft that forced med to sterve in the army -
Income Tax
a tax that takes a specified percentage of an individual's income -
Battle at Gettysburg
Confederate soldiers led by A.P.Hill encountered several brugades of Union cavalry under the command of John Buford
3 day produced staggering losses: 23,000 union and 28,000 confederates were killed or wounded -
Missouri Compromise 1820-1821
President: James Madison
Discussion on whether Missouri should be admitted as a free or a slave state. Maine- free state, Missouri- slave state, the Louisiana Territory- free state.
North line- free land South- Slavery(except Missouri) -
Santa Fe Trail
One of the busiest routes that stretched 780 miles from the Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe in the Mexican province of New Mexico. American traders loaded their covered wagons with goods and set off towards Santa Fe in the spring -
San Felipe de Austin
San Felipe de Austin is the main settlement of the colony, established in 1821 by Stephen F. Austin who obtained permission from Spain then Mexico to carry out his father's plans -
Mexico abolishes slavery
Many settlers were Southerners, who brought slaves with them to Texas. Mexico, which had abolished slavery insisted in vain that the Texans free their slaves. this was a problem because Mexican politics had become increasingly unstable -
The Liberator
An antislavery paper that demanded immediate emancipation of all slaves, Written by William Llyod Garrison, a white abolitionist -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Led by Virginia slave, Nat Turner, who had 50 followers. attacked four plantations and killed about 60 whites. He was eventually captured and executed with his followers. -
Stephen F. Austin goes to jail
Traveled to Mexico City to convince president Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna for greater self-government for Texas. Santa Anna then imprisoned Austin for inciting revolution -
Texas Revolution
After Santa Anna suspended local powers in Texas and other Mexican states, several rebellions broke out -
Oregon Trail
Location: Stretched from Independence, Missouri, to Oregon City, Oregon.
First Travelers: two Methodist missionaries named Marcus and Narcissa Whitman
Proved: wagons could travel on the Oregon Trail -
Manifest Destiny
The belief that United States was ordained to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican and Native American territory. also inevitable or obvious -
Fugitive Slave Act
alleged fugitive were not entitled to a trial by jury. anyone covicted of helping a fugitivewas liable for a fine of $1,000 and imprisonent for up to six months -
underground railroad
a seceret network set up by free african americans and white abolitionists to hide fugitive slaves. -
Texas enters the U.S.
Texans hoped the U.S. would annex their republic, the Southerners wanted texas to extend slavery which was already established there. While Notherners feared the annexation of more slave territory would tip the uneasy balance in the senate in favor of slave states -
Mexican-American war
President Polk believed that war with Mexico would expand the Union. included Texas, New Mexico, California -
The North Star
An antislavery newspaper Written by Frederick Douglass, named after the star that guided the runaway slaves to freedom -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
signed by Mexico and U.S.
Mexico agreedto the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico and ceded the New Mexico and California territories to the U.S.
U.S. agreed to pay $15 million for the Mexican cession which included present day California Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, most of Arizona, parts of Colorado and Wyoming -
Harriet Tubman
most famous conductors. made 19 trips back to the south and saved 300 slaves including her parents flee to freedom -
Compromise of 1850
Dispute about which the slave state of Texas claimed the eastern half of the New Mexico territory, where the issue of slavery had not yet been settled. Threats of southern secession- withdrawal of a state from the union became more frequent was a result. -
Uncle tom's Cabin
a novel published by Harriet Beecher Stove who expressed her lifetime hatred of slavery -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
popular sovereignty seemed like an excellent way to decide whether slavery would be allowed in the nebraska Territory. only problem was Kansas and Nebraska lay on the Missouri Compromise line 3630' therefore legally closed to slavery. -
Dread Scott v. Sandford
Dread Scott, a slave whose owner took him from the slave stae of Missouri to free territory in Illinois and Wisconsin and back to missouri. Scott appelaed the supreme court for his freedom on the grounds that living in a free state(Illinois) and a free territory(wisconsin) made him a free man. could not sue because he was not a citizen nor was a free man -
Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas Debates
they debated on the issue of slavery in the territories
Douglas- believed in popular sovereignty
Lincoln- believed that slavery was immoral
Douglas won State Senate
Lincoln won presidency -
John Brown's raid/ Harpers Ferry
led a band of 21 men, black and white, into Harper's Ferry, Virginia. his aim was to seize the federal arsenal there and start a general slave uprising. -
Abraham Lincoln becomes president
Pledged to halt the further spread of slavery, also reassured southerners that a Republican administration would not "interfere with their slaves, or with them, about their slaves" southerners viewed him as an enemy -
Formation of the Confederacy
States who joined: Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas
President: Jefferson Davis -
Attack on Fort Sumter
Confederate soldiers in each secessionist state began seizing federal installations.
Lincoln reinforced the fort and send in food for hungry men. Confederate bateries began thundering away to the cheers of charlesto's citizens. -
Battle of Bull Run
Union Army gained the upper hand, the confederates held firm. end result confederates victory. -
Battle at Antietam
proved to be the bloodiest single day battle. 26,000 casualities. Lincoln removed Mcclellan from command -
emancipation Proclamation
an order against the Union to emancipate slaves.
to free slaves -
Battle at Vicksburg
Ulysses S. Grant wanted to take vicksburg from its conferderates and soon the confederacy was cut in two -
Gettysburg address
speech helped the country to realize that it was not just a collection of individual states; it was a unifed nation -
Sherman's March
led by William Tecumseh Sherman to make southerners sick of war that generations would pass away before they would again appeal to it. burned most of atlanta -
thirteenth Amendment
neither slavery nor involuntary servitude except punishment for srime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted shall exist within the U.S. -
surrender at Appomattox court house
Virginia town
Lee and Grant
officers were permitted to keep their side arms -
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
John Wilkes Booth was the first person to ever assassinate a president. they found him twelve days later and shot him dead -
Abolition
The movement to abolish slavery
