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Period: to
Cold War
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Yalta Conference
Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin met to discuss the postwar arrangements of Germany, Eastern Europe, and Asia. They decided that Romania, Poland, and Bulgaria would have free election. Stalin changed his mind and broke his promise. Roosevelt and Churchill were going to try to convince him but didn't want to press Stalin to hard. -
Creation of the U.N.
This was to promote peace. United States, Soviet Union, Britian, France, and China, the people that hated each other the most, got permanent seats on the U.N. security council.The U.N. move and aided colonialism. Help create the Jewish state, Israel. They also issued the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. -
Potsdam Conference
Churchill, Truman, and Stalin meet in Potsdam to decide on what to do with Germany. They thought it would be best if to break Germany into 4 sections: Soviet, American, British, and French.They decided on new borders and free election for Poland. They saw the Soviets right to claim reparations for damages from the war in Germany for the section they controlled. -
End of WW2
The end of World War II was very important because it was a long and hard war. This had lasted 4 years and was the most expensive war in history. WW2 was the first war that used atomic bombs. These made 60,000 of 344,000 in Hiroshima either go missing or found dead. 60 million people died in this war and most of them were civilians. -
The Beginning of the Baby Boom
Soldiers coming home made up for the lost time not being married or having any children. No one wanted to have kids before because of the depression of the war. The peak was around 1957 when one American baby was being born every 7 seconds. 4.3 million babies were born that year. From 130 to 165 the population grew 27% from 1940 to 1955. -
HUAC
House Un-American Activities Committee was used to keep an eye on subversive activities like Nazis, communist, and/ fascists. People started hearing about HUAC by movies in 1947. HUAC had found communist people in the 1930's and 40's. After Congress found out directors, writers, and producers were showing these things they wer sent to prison. People used to make movies about racism and anti-semtism but now they focus on entertainment and try to not address sensitive issues. -
The Truman Doctrine
It was to help Greece and Turkey. Truman asked Cogress if they would "Support free peoples who are fighting against armed forces or outside pressures." If the U.S. didn't retreat to isolation the peace and welfare would be in grave danger. Both houses gave 400 million dollars to Turkey and Greece for aid. President Truman promised aid to all nations fighting communism. -
Hollywood Ten
They were writers, directors, and producers. Hollywood Ten were or had been communist. They had refused to answer questions the HUAC were asking. They thought of their Fifth Amendment Rights. Which is against self-inscrimination. -
The Marshall Plan
Four years after 1948 the U.S. had 13 billion dollars in loans and grants to Western Europe. It showed how the aid can help foreign and economic policies. United States tried to offer aid to the Soviets but Stalin refused. Americans economy boosted as well because of the increasing amount of trade. The aid helped bring in good relationships and worked to stop the spread of communism. -
Formation of NATO
NATO was made to provide military help for countries fighting communism. Twelve Western European and North American nations were members of the NATO. Members of the organization agreed to act to defense Western Europe. They said," An armed attack of one or more of the NATO would be considered an attack on all of them." NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization. -
The Beginning of the Korean War
North Korea crossed the 38th Parellel starting war. President Truman did not want a World War III so he said that the United States would aid South Korea. Truman never asked for a declaration of war from Congress. Truman ordered troops from Japan to move to South Korea. Soon after U.N. forces joined Americans and South Koreans -
The End of the Korean War
A cease-fire document was signed and stopped the fighting. Neither North or South Korea won. North Korea stayed comminist. South Korea got to keep their land and stayed noncommunist. South East Asia made their own treaty to stop the spread of communist, SEATO. SEATO included: Pakistan, the Philippines, New Zealand, Britian, Thailand, Austalia, France, and the U.S. -
Formation of Warsaw Pact
Warsaw Pact was made as a rival military alliance against NATO. All communist states expect Yugolslavia were members. They pledged to defend each other if attacked. The pact was a powerful political tool for the Soviet Union. They later started imperialistic tendencies.