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100
Phoenician Alphabet (1200 BC)
The Phoenician alphabet is the oldest form of letters in the world. It culturally diffused throughout the Mediteranean and was the basis of many other alphabets and languages. It ultimately led to the ability of cultural and technilogical ideas to spread by written language. -
100
Neolithic Revolution (10,000 BCE-4500 BCE)
The Neolithic Revolution was the transition from the era of hunters and gathers to the era of agriculture, pastoralism and established cities. As people began to herd animals and have a stable surplus of food from agriculture, population increased and people were able to specialize in other kinds of labor. This cultural diffusion around the world eventually led to social classes. Cities being formed was a big deal culturally because people could come together and establish their beliefs. -
200
Silk Roads (200 BCE)
History of Silk Roads The building of the Silk Roads in Asia was a great opportunity for merchants and missionaries to carry their beliefs and religous views to distant lands. The two main religions being spread were Buddhism and Hinduism. Buddhism was extended from northern India to Iran, central Asia, China, and southeast Asia, while Hinduism was spread from India to southeast Asia. The Silk Roads ultimately allowed for religions to expand and adapt to different cultures in diverse societies. -
Jan 1, 1054
Crusades (1095-1291)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0zudTQelzI
The Crusades were a series of battles fought by the Catholic Europeans who were trying to reclaim the Holy Land that the Muslims were occupying. The Crusades were a big reason for the exposure of the advanced Middle Eastern economies, trade and cultures. Europe was able to greatly devolp with the new technologies, philosophies, and mathamatical discoveries that were obtained by the European merchants who were trading with Muslim merchants. -
Jan 1, 1206
Era of the Mongols (1206-1368)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szxPar0BcMoThis group of nomads led by Genghis Khan conquered all of China with their highly perfected horsemanship and military tactics. The Mongolian Empire was eventually the largest empire in the world.The Mongols proved to be a major aspect in the history of culture by their push for trade. They created roads that allowed merchants from Europe to transfer goods like gunpowder mechanical printing back to their country. Ideas of agriculture, sciences and math also broadened Europe's cultural horizon. -
Jan 1, 1450
Columbian Exchange (1450-1750)
The system of trade set up between Afro-Eurasia ad the Americas helped to connect the world and ultimately make each country involved prosper. While many tangible items were traded, the spread of religions and slavery were also a big part of it. The slaves that were sent west eventually helped to industrialize America. When Europeans came over to the Americas, many of them brought over their religions, mainly Catholicism, which caused the populations of the Americas to diversify. -
Jan 1, 1500
Islamic Empires (1500-19th century)
Description of Empires These empires came at the end of the Holy Roman Empire and lasted until the 19th century. They each began as small warrior domains and grew into powerful political entities with intricate administrative and military institutions. While they had some political tensions with non-Muslims, the empires were a focal turning point in the history of the world because they caused an increase in Islam followers and turned the popular Christian city of Constantinople into Instanbul, a key Muslim capital. -
Jan 1, 1517
Protestant Reformation (1517 – 1648)
The authority of the Roman Catholic Church had been challenged for hundreds of years before the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther, however, made this a turning point in history by creating a different religion that went along with the values of Christendom but had minor changes, such as an end to the authority of the pope. It diversified some cultures from being Catholic and answering to the pope to becoming more independent and free from papal rule. -
Enlightenment (1685-1815)
Women and Enlightenment Beginning in France, this philosophical movement put an emphasis on logic and reason instead of faith and tradition. Enlightenment thinkers also addressed the ideas of popular sovereignty, individual freedom, and equality. While philosophical ideas have been around since the Renaissance, this changed many societies because rather than relying on religions, people searched for something they found plausible, which sparked many revolutions, such as the America, French, and Women's Revolution. -
Neo-Confucianism (960-early twentieth century)
Neo-Confucianism is the addition of Buddhist teachings in China to the original Confucian beliefs. It was a continuation of the practical study of politics, morality, nature and destiny. It however still focused on keeping social order and tradition. Neo-Confucianism shows what an big effect Buddhism had on the culture considering Neo-Confucians adopted Buddhist morals despite not agreeing with the teachings of Buddhism initially. Neo-Confucianism began the development of Asian thought.
