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John Brown
An abolitionist who attempted to lead a slave revolt by capturing Armories in southern territory and giving weapons to slaves was hung in Harpers Ferry after capturing an Armory -
Missouri Compromise of 1820
Maine became a free state and Missouri became a slave state
-created a balance between free and slave states -
Popular Sovereignty
The concept that political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. People express themselves through voting and free participation in government -
Free Soil Party
people of all political parties who opposed slavery's spread
-formed by some northern whigs and democrats and members of a small antislavery party known as the liberty party, was a term for land on which slavery did not exist. -
Compromise 1850
clay's resolutions
1.Admit California as a free state
2.New Mexico and Utah = now territories, no restriction on slavery
3.Deny Texas claims to New Mexico
4.Compensate Texas by having government pay off pre-annexing debts
5.Retain slavery in DC
6.Abolish slave trade in nation's capital
7.Adopt more effective federal fugitive slave law
8.Deny congressional authority to interfere with interstate slave trade
it marked the end of an era of political leadership in congress -
Fugitive Slave Act
made it a federal crime to assist runaway slaves
-made northerners angry and began rescuing slaves and made southerner leaders talk of seceding from the union -
Underground Railroad
def. an informal, constantly changing network of escape routes closer to free territory for slaves increased during this time
sign. made Harriet Tubman a well-known household name and freed many slaves successfully -
Personal Liberty Laws
The personal liberty laws were laws passed by several U.S. states in the North to counter the Fugitive Slave Acts of 1793 and 1850. Different laws did this in different ways, including allowing jury trials for escaped slaves and forbidding state authorities from cooperating in their capture and return. -
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Uncle Tom's Cabin
-a book by harriet beecher stowe that talks about the cruelty of slavery to africans
-it changed the way many americans viewed slavery and also started the war -
Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854
repealed the Missouri compromise of 1820, allowing popular sovereignty and the possibility of slavery
-caused a great number of northern democrats to quit the part and the whig party to have a serious division -
Bloody Kansas 1854-1856
many lives lost took place in Kansas Territory where new proslavery and antislavery constitutions competed.The dispute further strained the relations of the North and South, making civil war imminent
People from Missouri were going into Nebraska during elections to secretly vote for slavery Missouri feared that the New England Emigrant Company would try to make Kansas a safe haven for runaway slaves -
Sack of Lawrence
A pro-slavery group arrived in Lawrence ready to arrest anti-slavery groups and destroyed much of the town
-A pro-slavery sheriff and about 800 men rode into Lawrence to arrest them they destroyed the offices two anti-slavery newspapers burned the hotel and free-soil governor house -
Pottawatomie massacre
a small group of abolitionist led by John Brown murdered five pro-slavery men along the Pottawatomie creek
-one of the most famous events leading up to the American civil war -
Dred Scott v. Sanford
def. Dred Scott, a slave, had sued for his freedom
-increased tension between the north and south -
Lincoln Douglas Debates
During the race to become Senator Lincoln asked to have multiple debates with Douglas. Certain topics of these debates were slavery, how to deal with slavery, and where slavery should be allowed. Although Lincoln lost the election to Douglas, he was known throughout the country because of the debates.
-Senate election 1858 free port Doc. -
Free Port Doctrines
Douglas's reply to slavery in the second debate
most critical of the seven, caused Douglas to loses the support of southern democrats
-Free people can prevent slavery by not passing laws that support slaavery
-slavery could not exist in a community if the local citizens did not pass and enforce laws for maintaining it (Douglas). idea authored by Stephen Douglas that claimed slavery could only exist when popular sovereignty said so
--Writ of Mandamus (refers to Dred Scott) -
Stephen A. Douglas
Senator from Illinois who ran for president against Abraham Lincoln and lost. Wrote the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Free port Doctrine. Popular Sovereignty. 1858 Freeport was the site of the second Lincoln-Douglas debate
-Wins senate 1858 -
Lincoln's house divided speech
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Harper's Ferry Raid
def. john browns raid on the south confederacy
-the south feared other abolitionist were involved and made the confederate army better prepared for war -
The Election of 1860
def. the election that brought Abraham lincoln into the white house -
South Carolina Secession
South Carolina secedes from the union and prompts others to follow suit and leads to one of the bloodiest wars in the nation's history -
Formation of the Confederate State of America
The new nation under the articles of confederation which caused Jefferson Davis became the temporary president. The Confederacy Established. South Carolina was the first to secede, on December 20, 1860, followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas. On February 8, 1861, representatives of those states announced the formation of the Confederate States of America, with its capital at Montgomery, Alabama. -
Fort Sumter
Confederate guns fired on fort Sumter and the civil war began and tore the nation apart and changed the course of American history -
North
California admitted as a free state (Started the debate)
Slave trade prohibited in Washington D.C. -
South
Fugitive Slave Law
-Gave power to slave-catchers- kidnap free northern blacks
Denied fugitives a jury trial
Federal marshal could require citizens to help locate and capture runaway
Personal Liberty Laws(goes against U.S. Law)
Slavery permitted in D.C.
Mexican Cession is divided in two
-Utah(closed to slavery), and New Mexico (Open to slavery) territory
-Popular Sovereignty
-North and South Support -
brooks sumptor indecent
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Le Compton Constitution
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Lincoln's inaugural address