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Chalkboards come into classroom use
From the 1850s, several vendors sold specially formulated liquid slating to be used as paint. -
Charles Darwin Origin of Species is published
Introducing his theory that species evolve through the process of natural selection, and setting the stage for the controversy surrounding teaching the theory of evolution in public schools that persists to this day. http://www.livescience.com/474-controversy-evolution-works.html -
April 8,1865 - The Civil War ends with Lee's surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.
Much of the south, including its educational institutions, is left in disarray. Many schools are closed. Even before the war, public education in the south was far behind that in the north. The physical devastation left by the war as well as the social upheaval and poverty that follow exacerbate this situation. -
The foundation of genetics-laws of inheritance by Gregor Mendel
Gregor Mendel: Mendel's laws of inheritance, basis for genetics -
Tools for Math Education-1870's
Starting in the 1870s, American instrument makers sold oversized drawing instruments for blackboard use. After World War II, as the enrollment at community colleges and technical schools expanded, so did math classes. -
Set of all real numbers are uncountable
1874 — Georg Cantor proves that the set of all real numbers is uncountably infinite but the set of all real algebraic numbers is countably infinite. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncountable_set -
1876 - The Dewey Decimal System,is published and patented
The DDC is still the worlds most widely-used library classification system. -
The first Indian boarding school opens in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.
It becomes the model for a total of 26 similar schools, all with the goal of assimilating Indian children into the mainstream culture. The schools leave a controversial legacy. Though some see them as a noble, albeit largely unsuccessful experiment, many view their legacy to be one of alienation and "cultural dislocation." The Carlisle Indian Industrial School closes in 1918. Famous athlete Jim Thorpe is among the school's thousands of alumni.
http://home.epix.net/~landis/ -
Harvard requires science coursework for admission
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The discovery of radioactivity is made.
1896 – Henri Becquerel discovers radioactivity -
Alfred Binet's article, "New Methods for the Diagnosis of the Intellectual Level of Subnormals," is published in France
It describes his work with Theodore Simon in the development of a measurement instrument that would identify students with mental retardation. The Binet-Simon Scale, as it is called, is an effective means of measuring intelligence.
http://childpsych.umwblogs.org/intelligence-testing-2/binet-simon-scale/ -
The theory of plate tectonics and continental drift is introduced
1912 – Alfred Wegener: Continental drift
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_drift -
Math Formula Shakes Physical Science
Einstein's Theory of General Relativity is published. -
John Dewey's Democracy and Education. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education is published.
Dewey's views help advance the ideas of the "progressive education movement." An outgrowth of the progressive political movement, progressive education seeks to make schools more effective agents of democracy. His daughter, Evelyn Dewey, coauthors Schools of To-morrow with her father, and goes on to write several books on her own.
http://www.wilderdom.com/experiential/ExperientialDewey.html -
Max Wertheimer describes the principles of Gestalt Theory to the Kant Society in Berlin.
Gestalt Theory, with its emphasis on learning through insight and grasping the whole concept, becomes important later in the 20th Century in the development of cognitive views of learning and teaching. -
Scopes Monkey Trial- Clash Between Science and Religion
24-year-old science teacher and football coach John Thomas Scopes is asked by Dayton,TN leaders if he'd be willing to be indicted to bring the case(of illegally teaching evolution theory) to trial.http://www.npr.org/2005/07/05/4723956/timeline-remembering-the-scopes-monkey-trial -
Hydrogen is discovered to be the most abundant element in the universe
1925 – Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: Discovery of the composition of the Sun and that Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the Universe. -
Franklin Delano Roosevelt is elected president
He begins bold efforts to initiate his New Deal and spur economic recovery. His wife, Eleanor, becomes a champion of human rights and forever transforms the role of American First Lady. -
1938 - Laszio Biro and his brother Georg patent the ballpoint pen.
A tool still in use today. See the first one.
http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/ballpen.htm -
The U.S. enters World War II after the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor.
During the next four years, much of the country's resources go to the war effort. Education is put on the back burner as many young men quit school to enlist; schools are faced with personnel problems as teachers and other employees enlist, are drafted, or leave to work in defense plants; school construction is put on hold.
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii -
Theory of DNA is refined.
1943 – Oswald Avery proves that DNA is the genetic material of the chromosome -
DNA theroy and extension is further refined.
Crick and Watson: helical structure of DNA, basis for molecular biology -
Supreme Court Decision-Separate Schools are "Inherently Unequal."
In a unanimous opinion, the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education overturns Plessy and declares that separate schools are "inherently unequal." The Court delays deciding on how to implement the decision and asks for another round of arguments. http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
The Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Cassification of Educational Goals; Handbook I: Cognitive Domain is published.
Often referred to simply as “Bloom’s Taxonomy” because of its primary author, Benjamin S. Bloom, the document actually has four coauthors (M.D. Engelhart, E.J. Furst, W.H. Hill, and David Krathwohl). Still widely used today, Bloom’s Taxonomy divides the cognitive domain into six levels: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis.
http://epltt.coe.uga.edu/index.php?title=Bloom%27s_Taxonomy -
Soviet Union launches Sputnik satellite
During the 1950s and 1960s, as the number of American schoolchildren soared, mathematicians, psychologists, and educators began to reexamine methods of teaching math. After the Soviet Union successfully launched the Sputnik satellite in 1957, better mathematics teaching was linked to U.S. national defense. -
The Civil Rights Act becomes law
It prohibits discrimination based on race, color, sex, religion or national origin.
http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/civil-rights-act -
Calculators Become Popular
In the 1970s, with the introduction of microprocessors, handheld electronic calculators came on the market. They now replaced the 1960's desktop calculators slide rule on the belts of advanced students. Simpler calculators soon sold as educational toys. -
The first successful personal computers are introduced by Apple Computer.
Apple Computer, now Apple Inc., introduces the Apple II, one and its offspring, the Apple IIe, they become popular in schools as students begin to learn with computer games such as Oregon Trail and Odell Lake. -
Math Manipulatives Become Popular in late 1980's
The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics proposed new standards for mathematics education. To train students in problem solving along lines suggested by the standards of the NCTM, Paul Hartung devised this set of puzzles for classroom use. -
The first version of Microsoft Windows 1.0 is introduced.
Microsoft Windows 1.0, the first independent version of Windows, is released, setting the stage for subsequent versions that make MS-DOS obsolete.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windows -
First animal successfully cloned
1997 – Roslin Institute: Dolly the sheep was cloned. -
Next Generation Science Standards standards were released on April 2013
As of February, 2016 26 states have adopted the NGSS
http://www.nextgenscience.org/ -
Water on Mars
2013 - Traces of liquid water discovered on Mars -
Whiteboards begin to replace blackboards in US classrooms
1994-1995 - Whiteboards find their way into U.S. classrooms in increasing numbers and begin to replace the blackboard.
http://www.usmarkerboard.com/Help-Center/FAQ/historyOfWhiteboards
