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James I is crowned King of England
Previously James the sixth, King of Scotland, he was a believer in the Divine right of kings. He was an autocratic king, causing issues between him and parliament during his rule. -
English Civil War begins
After constant arguments between Charles I, son of James I, and parliament about money, religion, and authority, war broke out between King Charles' supporters ("Cavaliers") and parliament's supporters ("Roundheads"). -
Battle of Edgehill
This first battle of the civil war proved that neither parliament nor the king were able to overpower the other. No one won this battle and it took place Edgehill, England. -
Battle of Marston Moor
The Scots came to invade England, so the Cavaliers led by Prince Rupert met them and the battle occurred. To end the day long conflict, Oliver Cromwell led his Roundheads to wipe out the Cavaliers and achieved victory. This sent Charles I on the run. -
King Charles I was executed
After a few years of being on the run, the King was captured and tried by Parliament for treason. The majority of Parliament were followers of Oliver Cromwell and voted to behead the king. -
Oliver Cromwell became ruler as Lord Protector
After an attempt at replacing the monarchy with just Parliament and the Council of State, Cromwell took power. He had many conflicts with Parliament and tried to disband them, but they refused. During his rule there were a multitude of wars. He denied the English crown and instead named his son his successor. -
Charles II takes power from Richard Cromwell
Richard Cromwell was a weak ruler and could not maintain support. Charles II, allied with France and Scotland, came to England and was essentially handed the cities he encountered. Richard abdicated the throne and Charles II claimed king. -
William became King of England
Parliament invited William, ruler of Holland, to become King and marry Mary, James' daughter. He took the title with the requirements that he accepted religious toleration as well as Parliament's authority. -
The Glorious Revolution
Named because of the absence of bloodshed during the transition of governments, the Glorious Revolution marked the official end of the English Civil War. Conflict over the main issues that caused the war had finally ceased. -
King James II flees England
After succeeding King Charles II, James tried to get rid of parliament, resulting in a rebellion against him. James ran away when he knew Parliament was plotting to overthrow him.
