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Tennis Court Oath
The Tennis Court Oath was a crucial event during the first days of the French Revolution. The Oath was a vow signed by 576 of the 577 members from the Third Estate who were locked out of a meeting of the Estates-General on 20 June 1789. They made a makeshift conference room inside a tennis court located in the Saint-Louis district of Versailles (community), near the Palace of Versailles. -
Fall of Bastille
Louis XVI was apprehensive with actions of National Assembly and looking for peace, he ordered the First and Second Estate to join. He hired Swiss guards to protect Paris because he did not trust French soldiers. Parisians began to gear Louis will attack citizen. They began to collect weapons and gunpowder. Then 1,000 of them attacked the prison. This was the symbol of the beginning of the Revolution. -
"Great Fear"
After the Bastille rebellion spread from Paris to the countryside, rumors spread that the nobles hired outlaws for security terrorized peasants. There were no actual outlaws hired but panic spread. Peasants began to attack nobles with pitchforks and torches, burned documents and houses. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man
Adopted by National Assembly and influenced by Enlightenment and Declaration of Independence (USA). Stated that "men are born and remain free and equal in rights" "preserve natural rights... liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression." Als included free speech and religion. This was only for men though, "Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity". -
Women March on Versailles
A crowd of women who wanted bread for their families gathered other discontented Parisians, and marched toward Versailles, known as a royal paradise, reserved for the royal families and their entourages became the destination for the angry French women who merely wanted to feed themselves and their families.This march was in an effort to recieve bread and cut the high prices of bread down. This was considered one of the most violent riots that occurred during the French Revolution. -
Civil Constitution of Clergy
The Civil Constitution of the Clergy was a law passed on 12 July 1790 during the French Revolution, that subordinated the Roman Catholic Church in France to the French government. -
Constitution of 1791
French constitution was constructed by the National Assembly during the French Revolution. It kept the monarchy, but the power in fact resided in the Legislative Assembly, which was elected by a system of indirect voting. The authorization was limited to “active” citizens who paid a minimal sum in taxes; about two-thirds of adult men had the right to vote for electors and to choose certain local officials directly. The constitution was not having successful, lasting less than a year. -
The Royal Escape
Louis XVI was warned that he and his family were in danger, therefore they decided to flee. They tried to escape o the Austrain Netherlands disgusied as peasants, but they were recognized near the border and sent back to Paris. This resulted in a disater. -
Declaration of Pilnitz
After the Kings journey to Varennes, the Austrians felt they had to act in support of Louis XVI. As a result Austria and Prussia in partnership issued the Declaration of Pilnitz, which stated that they wanted to repair the power to the French, would use force if necessary to carry out the return and that they both thought that the situation was of interest to all other European rulers. All who wanted to protect the life and rights of the monarchy. -
Execution of a Monarch (Louis XVI)
On August of 1792, about 20,000 irritated Parisians slaughtered the 900 Swiss guarding the royal residence in Paris and imprisoned the royal family in a stone tower. Radical clubs called for mass execution of "enemies of Revolution". The National Convention met in September, the Jacobins voted to try Louis XVI for treason, he was convicted and sentenced to death by beheading from he guillotine. -
Reign of Terror Begins
Following Louis's execution, the years of 1793 and 1794 became known as "The Terror" in France. Thousands of people suspected of anti-revolutionary activities or of helping France's enemies were sent to the guillotine. -
Death of Robespierre and End the Terror
Members of the National Convention began to become afraid of Robespierre because of the "Reign of Terror". Therefore in order to protect themselves, they all turned on him. He was arrested and guillotined. Moderates then took control over the National Convention and drafted another constution creating bicameral legislature and a five person executive. -
Constitution of 1795
In 1795 a new constitution was outlined. The decision-making power was vested in five directors who were yearly chosen by a bicameral parliament (500 representatives, 250 senators). The new regime met with opposition from remaining Jacobins and royalists. Riots and counter-revolutionary actions were censored by the army. Through this way the army and its successful general, Napoleon Bonaparte gained much power. -
Creation od National Convention
French Convention National an congregation that ruled France from September 20, 1792, until October 26, 1795, during the most critical period of the French Revolution. The National Convention was elected to offer a new constitution for the country after the overthrow of the monarchy on August 10, 1792. The Convention numbered 749 deputies, including businessmen, tradesmen, and many professional men. Among its early acts were the formal abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of the repub -
Creation of Directory
The Directory was a body of five Directors that held administrative power in France following the Convention and preceding the Consulate. The period of this regime was November 2,1795 until November 10, 1799, commonly known as the Directory era, constitutes the second to last stage of the French Revolution. -
Concordat of 1801
An agreement between Napoleon Bonaparte, a French general and emperor of France and papal and clerical representatives in both Rome and Paris. They were arguing the status of the Roman Catholic Church in France and ending the breach caused by the church reforms and seizes that took place during the French Revolution. -
Napoleon becomes Consulate
Napoléon improved his power, he had a new form of one-man government. Like the old monarchy, he re-established an over-national, firmly useful executive and ritual methods, and a policy of obedient scholasticism towards the people's universities. He assembled or strengthen the funds essential for national institutions, home governments, a judiciary system, organs of finance, banking, codes, traditions of conscientious well-disciplined labor force. -
Coronation of an Emperor
Napoleon I was crowned Emperor of the French on December 2nd in 1804. Napoleon planed his coronation with as great a care as he did his wars. The duty of arranging the coronation was given to L. Ph. de Ségur, the Grand master of Ceremonies, and A. L. de Rémusat, then First Chamberlain. The architects Percier and Fontaine took care of the temporary decorations and Jean Baptiste Isabey (1767-1855) designed the costumes. -
Battle of Trafalgar
The Battle of Trafalgar was a sea battle fought among the British Royal Navy and the joint fleets of the French Navy and Spanish Navy, during the War of the Third Coalition (August–December 1805) of the Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815).The battle was the most important British naval victory of the war. -
Battle of Austerlitz
The Battle of Austerlitz, also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of Napoleon's greatest victories, where the French Empire successfully crushed the Third Coalition. On 2 December 1805, a French army, controlled by Emperor Napoleon I, determinedly defeated a Russo-Austrian army, commanded by Tsar Alexander I and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, after nearly nine hours of difficult fighting. The battle took place near Austerlitz . The battle is often viewed as a planned masterpiece. -
Invasion of Spain
The Peninsular War was a war among France and the associated powers of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for power of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. The war started when French and Spanish soldiers crossed Spain and attacked Portugal in 1807. Then, in 1808, France turned on its ally, Spain. The war lasted until the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon in 1814. -
Invasion of Russia
The French invasion of Russia of 1812 was a turning point in the Napoleonic Wars. It condensed the French and associated invasion forces to a small fraction of their initial strength and triggered a major shift in European politics as it dramatically weakened French hegemony in Europe. The standing of Napoleon I as an undefeated military genius was cruelly shaken. -
Exile to Ekba
Napoleon Bonaparte whom was emperor of France at the time and one of the greatest military leaders in history, renounced the throne, and, in the Treaty of Fontainebleau, forbidden to the Mediterranean island of Elba. -
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was a discussion of diplomats of European states chaired by Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. -
"A Hundred Days"
Hundred Day period between March 20, 1815, the date on which Napoleon got to Paris after evading from exile on Elba, and July 8, 1815. The phrase was first used by the prefect of the Seine, comte de Chabrol de Volvic, in his speech welcoming the king. Less than a year following his abandonment, Napoleon left his island exile in the Tyrrhenian Sea and landed at Cannes on March 1, leading 1,500 men, and marched at once upon Paris. -
Battle of Waterloo
The Battle of Waterloo took place near the Waterloo, Belgium. There, the forces of the French Empire under the leadership of Michael Ney and Napoleon Bonaparte were vanquished by the Seventh Coalition and a Prussian Army.The forces were also defeated by an Anglo-Allied Army. This battle put an end to the tyrant rule of Napoleon as the emperor of France. It had also marked the end of the hundred days of Napoleon from exile return. The battle was known as an influential battle.
