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Dec 31, 1200
Berlin founded
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Period: Nov 10, 1438 to Feb 18, 1546
Life of Martin Luther
A former catholic priest who changed the face of theology and started the Protestant Reformation. -
Dec 31, 1452
Gutenberg printing press
Johannes Gutenberg creates his printing press in Mainz which introduces wide spread written media into German culture. -
Apr 23, 1516
Reinheitsgebot (German Beer Purity Law)
This stated that the only thing that could be put into beer was water, barely and hops. -
Oct 31, 1517
Luther's 95 Theses
Martin Luther presents his 95 Theses that oppose certain practices of the Catholic church, which started the protestant movement. -
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Life of Johann Sebations Bach
Famous German composer. Became Cantor of the Thomasschule at St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, -
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Life of Immanuel Kant
Famous German Philosopher who wrote Critique of Reason and other works. -
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Life of Goethe
The famous writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe lived during this time. -
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Life of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Famous Classical Austrian composer -
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Life of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
German Idealist Philosopher known for Absolute Idealism. -
"Die Leden des jungen Werthers" is published
Goethe's novel, became a best seller world wide. -
Period: to
Emperor Wilhelm I of Germany
Also King of Prussia -
Period: to
Napoleonic Wars
These wars raveged on through out Europe and had an impact on Germany especially when Napoleon's troops marched through the lands on his way to Russia. -
Goethe writes Faust Part One
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Blutsrecht principle begins in Barvaria
This principle would effect German citizenship.
It means "law of blood" and effects whether a person is considered German -
Period: to
Clara Schumann's life
famous German pianist and composer of the Romanic Era -
Goethe wrote Faust Part Two
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Period: to
The Unification Period
(not exact dates) -
German Parliament formed
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Period: to
Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany
Also King of Prussia.
Grandson of Wilhelm I. -
Period: to
Imperial Germany makes democratic change
-Reichstag and Bundesrat -
Period: to
The Nation State Period
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Period: to
Bismarck era
Otto von Bismarck was Chancellor of the Reich -
Definition of Citizenship
Acquired through decent.
Ethnic comparision instead of soil.
Excluded Austria's German speakers but included Polish speakers in Prussia.
Each state would treat a person moving from another state as their own citizen. -
Period: to
Life of Adolf Hilter
Life of the ruler of the Third Reich started in Austria-Hungary and ended by suicide in is bunker in Berlin. -
German Chemist finds chemical for aspirin
Chemist Dr. Felix Hoffmann discovered acetylsalicyclic acid -
Period: to
Life of Bertolt Brecht
Poety of the post-expressionist era.
His first collection of poetry was Die Hauspostille, and the type was "gebrachslyrik" which was "useful poetry". Published 1927.
His later poetry became more political and "learning poem" focused. -
Die Brücke-- the Bridge art movement founded
Group of expressionists that located in Dresden. Wanted to "bridge" the past to the present with the classical style with more modern expression. -
Period: to
Der Blaue Reiter
Movement leading up to expressionism in German art featuring a blue horse with a matching rider. -
Social Democrats in national elections
They were the largest party in the Reichstag and won 84.5%. (Date 12/31 just added to mark time, not actual date) -
Autrian Crown Prince and wife Sophie assassinated
Assassination by a Serbian group called "The Black Hand" -
WWI- Christmas truce
On the western front there was a Christmas truce between the Germans and the allied British and French where they exchanged gifts, buried the dead, and sang Christmas carols. -
Women's education
increased education for women, and many women becoming workers in the professions. -
World War I ends
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Revolution
Revolution after WWI, moving towards democracy. -
Period: to
The Weimar Republic
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Communits Uprising- "Spartacus League/KPD" squashed
Defeated by German military. -
Citizens over 20 have the right to vote
Men and women are given a chance to elect a representative government, and pushed for social democracy. -
Germany signs Treaty of Versailles
Germany was put under conditions which restricted its military greatly and they had a lot of money in repirations to pay. -
Last Republician in Weimar
this leads to the take over of the National Socialists. -
Period: to
Third Reich
(not exact dates) -
German Students burn books
There were over 20,000 books burned outside of Berlin's opera house as a pro-National Socialist protest against modernization. -
World War II begins
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Nuremberg Laws created
Laws prohibiting the Jews from certain rights and from their citizenship -
Kristallnacht program begins
Anti-Jewish program, destroying Jewish private properties and synagogues. -
Hitler self-appointed Commander-In-Cheif
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Period: to
Death Camps and Executions
Added to Death Sentences which resulted from harsh laws. -
Catholic Biships plot to kill Hilter
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Period: to
Germany divided into 4 parts
These parts were separately controlled by the British, French, Americans and Soviets. -
Paul Celan's "Todesfuge"
Most well known poem of Holocaust -
Static Poems by Gottfried Benn
Greatly influenced the movement of hermeticism in poetry -
Founding of the Federal Republic of Germany
Germany's Basic Law (Grundggesetz) went into effect -
Period: to
Hermticism in poetry
Came from some of Benn's ideas that art obeys its own rules.
Pushed towards abstractism and elitism.
Exemplified best in the works of Paul Celan. -
Manditory Military Service for Men
For men over the age of 18. Varying length of service.
Objectors can do public service. -
Revised Constitution
No mention of a German nation -
The Berlin Wall is Opened
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Treaty of Unification
(actual date) bringing together East and West Germany -
the Federal Reublic of Germany (FRD) formed
(actual date) -
1st FRD elections held
(actual date) -
First German cabinet in Berlin after 50 years
directed by Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder -
Rot-Gruen coalition
begining of the Alliance between the "Rot" Social Democrats and the "Gruen" Alliance 90/The Greens. -
Birth of the Euro as a currency
(actual date) -
Women allowed to join military
voluntarily 677 women join the armed forces. -
"Probleme der Lyrik" lecture by Benn
a lecture given that influenced hermetic poetry. -
Period: to
Holy Roman Empire