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Coulomb's law
He discovered that when given two particles that are separated by a certain distance, the force of attraction or repulsion is directly proportional to the product of the two charges and is inverse. -
John Dalton
The atomic theory was originated by Dalton. The theory provided scientists with new ways of seeing the physical world. Atomic weights and fixed ratios of atoms inside compounds provided researchers with the knowledge to explore chemical compositions of matter. -
Joseph Priestley
Discovered Oxygen gas in the laboratory at Bowood House in Wiltshire,England. -
Pasteur, Louis
Pasteur was the first to recognize bacteria as disease-causing agents. He developed the field of immunochemistry. He introduced heat-sterilization of wine and milk which is pasteurization. He saw optical isomers or enantiomers in tartaric acid. -
Sir J.J. Thomson
Thomsons research on cathode rays proved the existence of electrons. He won the Nobel Prize in 1906. -
Sir Ernest Rutherford
Rutherford discovered that uranium radiation is composed of positively charged 'alpha' particles and negatively charged 'beta' particles . He was the first to prove radioactive decay of heavy elements. He was also first to perform a transmutation reaction. He discovered half-life of radioactive elements. He also established that the nucleus was small, dense, and positively charged. He assumed that electrons were outside the nucleus. Rutherford won the Nobel Prize in 1908. -
Proton
Eugene Goldstein discovered positive particles by using a tube filled with hydrogen gas . The positive particle charge was equal and opposite to the electron. It also had a mass of 1.66E-24 grams or 1 atomic mass unit. The positive particle were given the name proton. -
Wilhelm Roentgen
Wilhelm Roentgen accidentally discovered x-rays while researching the glow produced by cathode rays. He performed his research on the cathode rays in a dark room. During his research, he noticed that a bottle of barium platinocyanide was glowing on a shelf. He discovered that the rays causing the fluorescence could also pass through glass, cardboard and walls. The rays were called x-rays. -
Niels Bohr
Bohr devised a quantum model of the atom in which atoms had orbital shells of electrons. He developed an explanation of atomic structure that underlies regularities of the periodic table.
