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History of Computers
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Charles Babbage
Babbage created the 'Difference Engine' -
Ada Lovelace
Her notes on the engine include what is recognised as the first algorithm intended to be processed by a machine; thanks to this, she is sometimes considered the "World's First Computer Programmer". -
CRT
The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing an electron gun (a source of electrons) and a fluorescent screen used to view images. It has a means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam onto the fluorescent screen to create the images. The first cathode ray tube scanning device was invented by the German scientist Karl Ferdinand Braun in 1897. -
Enigma
An Enigma machine is any of a family of related electro-mechanical rotor cipher machines used for the encryption and decryption of secret messages. Enigma was invented by German engineer Arthur Scherbius at the end of World War I in 1918. -
GPS
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather, anywhere on or near the Earth, where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver.Developed in the early 1940s, and used during World War II. -
UNIVAC
UNIVAC is the name of a business unit and division of the Remington Rand company formed by the 1950 purchase of the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation, founded four years earlier by ENIAC inventors J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, and the associated line of computers which continues to this day in one of the two such lines offered by Unisys. Unisys was formed when Burroughs (whose line of computers form the other Unisys mainframe legacy line) bought Sperry which held the evolved UNIVAC divis -
ENIAC
Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer was the first general-purpose electronic computer. It was a Turing-complete digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems.The ENIAC's design and construction was financed by the United States Army during World War II. The construction contract was signed on June 5, 1943, and work on the computer began in secret by the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School of Electrical Engineering starting the following -
COLOSSUS
Colossus was the world's first electronic, digital, programmable computer. Colossus and its successors were used by British codebreakers to help read encrypted German messages during World War II. The prototype, Colossus Mark 1, was shown to be working in December 1943 and was operational at Bletchley Park by February 1944. An improved Colossus Mark 2 first worked on 1 June 1944, just in time for the Normandy Landings. Ten Colossus computers were in use by the end of the war. -
Tim Berners Lee
Sir Timothy John "Tim" Berners-Lee, OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA (born 8 June 1955), also known as "TimBL", is an English computer scientist, MIT professor and the inventor of the World Wide Web. He made a proposal for an information management system in March 1989 and on 25 December 1990, Decber 1980, Berners-Lee proposed a project based on the concept of hypertext, to facilitate sharing and updating information among researchers. While there, he built a prototype system named ENQUIRE. -
Internet
The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (often called TCP/IP, although not all applications use TCP) to serve billions of users worldwide. developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using a variety of protocols. -
Mouse
Independently, Douglas Engelbart at the Stanford Research Institute invented the first mouse prototype in 1963 -
TFT
A thin-film transistor (TFT) is a special kind of field-effect transistor made by depositing thin films of a semiconductor active layer as well as the dielectric layer and metallic contacts over a supporting substrate. A common substrate is glass, since the primary application of TFTs is in liquid crystal displays. This differs from the conventional transistor where the semiconductor material typically is the substrate, such as a silicon wafer. (a screen) -
1st Floppy Disk
A floppy disk is a disk storage medium composed of a disk of thin and flexible magnetic storage medium, sealed in a rectangular plastic carrier lined with fabric that removes dust particles. The earliest floppy disks, developed in the late 1960s, were 8 inches (200 mm) in diameter; they became commercially available in 1971. -
Pong
Pong (marketed as PONG) is one of the earliest arcade video games, and is a tennis sports game featuring simple two-dimensional graphics. The game was originally manufactured by Atari Incorporated (Atari), who released it in 1972. -
Microsoft
is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, United States that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions. Established on April 4, 1975 to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800, Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by the Microsoft Windows line of operating sys -
2nd Floppy Disk
In 1976, Shugart Associates introduced the first 5 1⁄4-inch FDD. -
Cray 1
he Cray-1 was a supercomputer designed, manufactured, and marketed by Cray Research. The first Cray-1 system was installed at Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1976, and it went on to become one of the best known and most successful supercomputers in history. -
Apple I
The original Apple Computer, also known retroactively as the Apple I, or Apple-1, is a personal computer released by the Apple Computer Company (now Apple Inc.) in 1976. They were designed and hand-built by Steve Wozniak. Wozniak's friend Steve Jobs had the idea of selling the computer. The Apple I went on sale in July 1976 at a price of US$666.66,[5] because Wozniak "liked repeating digits" and because they originally sold it to a local shop for $500 plus a one-third markup -
1st CGI Film
Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is the application of the field of computer graphics or, more specifically, 3D computer graphics to special effects in art, video games, films, television programs, commercials, simulators and simulation generally, and printed media. The visual scenes may be either dynamic or static. 1977 - starwars was the first CGI film -
3rd Floppy Disk
More informationBy the end of the 1980s, the 5 1⁄4-inch disks had been superseded by the 3 1⁄2-inch disks. By the mid-1990s, the 5 1⁄4-inch drives had virtually disappeared as the 3 1⁄2-inch disk became the predominant floppy disk. The advantages of the 3 1⁄2-inch disk were its smaller size and its plastic case which provided better protection from dirt and other environmental risks. -
Sinclair ZX81
The ZX81 was a home computer produced by Sinclair Research and manufactured in Scotland by Timex Corporation. It was launched in the United Kingdom in March 1981 as the successor to Sinclair's ZX80 and was designed to be a low-cost introduction to home computing for the general public. -
IBM 5150
The IBM Personal Computer, commonly known as the IBM PC, is the original version and progenitor of the IBM PC compatible hardware platform. It is IBM model number 5150, and was introduced on August 12, 1981. It was created by a team of engineers and designers under the direction of Don Estridge of the IBM Entry Systems Division in Boca Raton, Florida. -
Windows 1.0, Windows 2.0, and Windows 2.1x
The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project "Interface Manager" was started. -
Commodore 64
In January 1981, MOS Technology, Inc., Commodore's integrated circuit design subsidiary, initiated a project to design the graphic and audio chips for a next generation video game console.It was released in August 1982 -
CD-ROMs
an acronym of "Compact Disc Read-only memory". The Compact Disc is an evolution of LaserDisc technology. Sony first publicly demonstrated an optical digital audio disc in September 1976. In September 1978 they demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150 minute playing time, and with specifications of 44,056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, cross-interleaved error correction code, that were similar to those of the Compact Disc introduced in 1982. -
"Classic" Mac OS
The "classic" Mac OS is characterized by its total lack of a command line; it is a completely graphical operating system. Versions of Mac OS up through System 4 only ran one application at a time. Even so, it was noted for its ease of use. Mac OS gained cooperative multitasking with System 5, which ran on the Mac SE and Macintosh II. It was criticized for its very limited memory management, lack of protected memory, and susceptibility to conflicts among operating system "extensions". -
Amstrad PCW
The Amstrad PCW series was a range of personal computers produced by British company Amstrad from 1985 to 1998. Amstrad's founder Alan Sugar realised that most computers in Britain were used for word processing at home, and allegedly sketched an outline design for a low cost replacement for typewriters during a flight to the Far East. This design featured a single "box" containing all the components, including a portrait-oriented display -
Windows 3.0 and 3.1
Windows 3.0 (1990) and Windows 3.1 (1992) improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allowed them to share arbitrary devices between multitasked DOS windows. -
Browser
The first web browser was invented in 1990 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee. It was called WorldWideWeb (no spaces) and was later renamed Nexus.A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece of content. -
SNES
The Super Nintendo Entertainment System (also known as the Super NES, SNES[b] or Super Nintendo) is a 16-bit video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia (Oceania), and South America between 1990 and 1993. Designed by Masayuki Uemura, the designer of the original Famicom, the Super Famicom was released in Japan on Wednesday, November 21, 1990 for ¥25,000 (US$210) -
FIFA International Soccer
Known as EA Soccer during development and sometimes subsequently also known as FIFA '94,[4] the first game in the series was released in the weeks leading up to Christmas 1993. -
FIFA Soccer 95
Using the same engine with only minor retouches, FIFA 95 introduced club teams to the series within eight national leagues -
PlayStation
The PlayStation (プレイステーション Pureisutēshon?, officially abbreviated PS) brand is a series of video game consoles created and developed by Sony Computer Entertainment. Spanning the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth generations of video gaming, the brand was first introduced on December 3, 1994 in Japan.PlayStation was the brainchild of Ken Kutaragi, a Sony executive who had just come out of his hardware engineering division at that time and would later be dubbed as "The Father of the PlayStation" -
DVD
DVD is an optical disc storage format, invented and developed by Philips, Sony, Toshiba, and Panasonic in 1995. DVDs offer higher storage capacity than Compact Discs while having the same dimensions. -
FIFA Soccer 96
This is the first FIFA game to feature real-time 3D graphics -
FIFA Soccer 96
This is the first FIFA game to feature real-time 3D graphics -
Windows 95, 98, and Me
Windows 95 was released in August 1995, featuring a new user interface, support for long file names of up to 255 characters, and the ability to automatically detect and configure installed hardware (plug and play). -
Windows NT family
The NT family of Windows systems was fashioned and marketed for higher reliability business use. The first release was NT 3.1 (1993), numbered "3.1" to match the consumer Windows version, which was followed by NT 3.5 (1994), NT 3.51 (1995), NT 4.0 (1996), and Windows 2000, which is the last NT-based Windows release that does not include Microsoft Product Activation. -
FIFA 97
The biggest change in FIFA '97 was the inclusion of 6-a-side indoor soccer mode and polygonal players, with motion capture provided by David Ginola. The game features a much higher number of playable leagues from England, Spain, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Germany and Malaysia. These versions also feature commentary by John Motson, partnered by Andy Gray, with Des Lynam introducing the matches. -
Windows CE
Windows CE (officially known as Windows Embedded Compact), is an edition of Windows that runs on minimalistic computers, like satellite navigation systems and some mobile phones. 16 November 1996; 15 years ago -
FIFA: Road to World Cup 98
This game marks the start of an upward trend in the series. -
FIFA 99
While the indoor mode was no longer featured, the gameplay's fluidity and responsiveness was increased. -
Memory Sticks
Memory Stick is a removable flash memory card format, launched by Sony in October 1998,[1] and is also used in general to describe the whole family of Memory Sticks. -
FIFA 2000
A Nintendo 64 beta version of FIFA 2000 exists though the game was not officially released for this platform. This version of the FIFA series contained over 40 "classic" teams, so that gamers could play as retired football legends. -
FIFA 2001
This title had a new graphics engine which allows each team to have its own detailed kit, and for some players, their own unique faces. -
Mac OS X v10.0
"Cheetah", is the first major release of Mac OS X, Apple’s desktop and server operating system. Mac OS X v10.0 was released on March 24, 2001 for a price of US$129. -
Mac OS X v10.1
"Puma", is the second major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It superseded Mac OS X v10.0 and preceded Mac OS X v10.2. Version 10.1 was released on 25 September 2001 as a 'free update' to version 10.0. The operating system was handed out for no charge by Apple employees after Steve Jobs' keynote speech at the Seybold publishing conference in San Francisco. -
iPod
iPod is a line of portable media players created and marketed by Apple Inc.. The product line-up consists of the hard drive-based iPod classic, the touchscreen iPod touch, the compact iPod nano and the ultra-compact iPod shuffle. The product was developed in less than one year and unveiled on October 23, 2001. -
FIFA Football 2002
For FIFA Football 2002, power bars for passes were introduced, and dribbling reduced in order to attain a higher challenge level. The power bar can also be customised to suit the gamer's preference. -
Xbox
The Xbox is a sixth-generation video game console manufactured by Microsoft. It was released on November 15, 2001 in North America, February 22, 2002 in Japan, and March 14, 2002 in Australia and Europe. It was Microsoft's first foray into the gaming console market -
Mac OS X v10.2
"Jaguar" is the third major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system. It superseded Mac OS X v10.1 code name Puma and preceded Mac OS X Panther (version 10.3). The operating system was initially available on 23 August 2002 either for single-computer installations, and in a "family pack", which allows five installations on separate computers in one household. -
FIFA Football 2003
FIFA Football 2003 features completely new gameplay from the previous titles. -
FIFA Football 2004
While not adding much to the game engine, the biggest new inclusion in FIFA Football 2004 is secondary divisions, which allow the player to take lower ranked teams into the top leagues and competitions -
Mac OS X v10.3
Panther (version 10.3) is the fourth major release of Mac OS X, Apple’s desktop and server operating system. It followed Mac OS X v10.2 "Jaguar" and preceded Mac OS X Tiger (version 10.4). Apple released Panther on October 24, 2003. -
FIFA Football 2005
FIFA Football 2005 was released much earlier than the usual late October date to obtain a head start over Pro Evolution Soccer 4 and avoid clashing with EA Sports' own FIFA Street. -
Mac OS X v10.4
Tiger is the fifth major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.Tiger was succeeded by Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard on 26 October 2007, after 30 months, making Tiger the longest running version of Mac OS X. Some of the new features include a fast searching system called Spotlight, a new version of the Safari web browser, Dashboard, a new 'Unified' theme -
FIFA 06
FIFA's developers made a complete overhaul of the game engine for this installment of the game, claiming a dramatic increase in the control of play, having rewritten more than half the game's code. -
FIFA 07
The main differences from the previous game are a new "Interactive Leagues" function, new stadiums such as the new Wembley Stadium and Emirates Stadium, and the ability to create custom teams and Turkcell Super League returns after seven years of absence from the series. -
Wii
The Wii ( /ˈwiː/) is a home video game console released by Nintendo on November 19, 2006. As a seventh-generation console, the Wii primarily competes with Microsoft's Xbox 360 and Sony's PlayStation 3. The console was conceived in 2001, as the Nintendo GameCube was first seeing release. According to an interview with Nintendo's game designer Shigeru Miyamoto, the concept involved focusing on a new form of player interaction. "The consensus was that power isn't everything for a console. -
FIFA 08
FIFA 08 introduced a new game mode called "Be a Pro", in which the player controls only a single player on the field. -
Mac OS X v10.5
Leopard (version 10.5) is the sixth major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Leopard contains over 300 changes and enhancements over its predecessor. Leopard introduces a significantly revised desktop, with a redesigned Dock, Stacks, a semitransparent menu bar, and an updated Finder that incorporates the Cover Flow visual navigation interface first seen in iTunes. -
Nokia Morph (unvieling)
The Nokia Morph is a concept mobile phone created by Finnish company Nokia. The concept, which was unveiled on February 25, 2008 at The Museum of Modern Art in New York City, was the product of a joint study into the future of mobile phones by the Nokia Research Center and the University of Cambridge's Nanoscience Centre. The device was presented as part of the museum's "Design and The Elastic Mind" exhibit. According to Bob Lannucci, Nokia's chief technology officer, the "Nokia Research Cent. -
FIFA 09
FIFA 09 features a revamped collision system and an option for 10 versus 10 "Be a Pro" online matches, and the new "Adidas Live Season" feature, which updates all the players' stats in a particular league based on the player's form in real life. -
Mac OS X v10.6
Leopard (version 10.6) is the seventh major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Unlike previous versions of Mac OS X, the goals with Snow Leopard were improved performance, greater efficiency and the reduction of its overall memory footprint. Addition of new end-user features was not a primary goal. Much of the software in Mac OS X was extensively rewritten for this release in order to fully take advantage of modern Macintosh hardware. -
FIFA 10
FIFA 10 has an extended Manager Mode which includes a new Assistant Manager that can be used to take care of the team's line-up and to rotate the squad based on importance of the upcoming match and improved finances. -
FIFA 11
Release date: 28 September 2010 (USA), 1 October 2010 (Europe) It features a new replacement to Manager Mode called Career Mode; the player is able to play a career as a Manager, Coach or a new feature as a Player Manager. Other new features include an improved passing system, improved player likenesses, the ability to play as a Goalkeeper for the first time, and other various other tweaks and additions. -
iPad
iPad is a line of tablet computers designed and marketed by Apple Inc., primarily as a platform for audio-visual media including books, periodicals, movies, music, games, apps and web content. Wi-Fi model (U.S.): April 3, 2010
Wi-Fi + 3G Model (U.S.): April 30, 2010
International: May 28, 2010
iPad 2 (U.S.): March 11, 2011
iPad 2 (International): March 25, 2011
3rd gen (U.S.): March 16, 2012 -
Future of Windows
Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, is currently in development. Microsoft posted a blog entry in Dutch on October 22, 2010 hinting that Windows 8 would be released in roughly two years. -
Mac OS X v10.7
Lion (version 10.7; marketed as OS X Lion) is the eighth and current major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. It brings many developments made in Apple's iOS, such as an easily navigable display of installed applications, to the Mac, and includes support for the Mac App Store, as introduced in Mac OS X Snow Leopard version 10.6.6. -
Xbox 720
The Xbox 720 is an upcoming video game console made by Microsoft, and successor to the Xbox 360. Microsoft now claim that the new Xbox will hit the stores some time in 2012. It will allegedly be released in the US on June 5th, 2012. The Xbox 720 competes with Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U as part of the eighth generation of video game consoles. -
FIFA 12
Release date: 27 September 2011 (U.S.), 30 September 2011 (Europe) David Rutter, the line producer for FIFA 12, has promised "a revolutionary year for FIFA... especially in the gameplay department." -
Mac OS X v10.8
Mountain Lion (version 10.8) is the ninth and next major release of OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X Mountain Lion was announced on February 16, 2012 and is scheduled for release in late summer 2012. It will gain additional features from iOS, some of which were previously introduced to the Mac in OS X Lion.
