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Common School's
Common Schools were funded by local property taxes, charged no tuition, and were open to all white children. The common school is the precursor to today's public school. -
Progressive Education Movement
Started by John Dewey the Progressive Education rejected emphasis on strict discipline and memorization of traditional classroom teaching and instead encouraged the use of group work and hands on activities -
American Federal of Teachers
AFT is an American labor union that primarily represents teachers. -
The Feminization of Teaching
The Suffrage Movement allowed women to take up the position of teaching for the first time. -
Bill of Rights
Provided millions of veterans with payments for tuition, and room and board at colleges, universities, and special schools -
Civils Rights Movement
The Civil Rights Movement enlisted the federal government in the efforts to equalize educational opportunities for children of color. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Ruled that separate is not equal, and outlaws segregation. Put the constitution on the side of racial equality. -
Sputnik
The Soviets made history by launching the first satellite into orbit. In response the American government poured more than $1 billion into public schools. -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Created by President Johnson, the ESEA started Head Start, gave free lunches to those in need, and focused more on special education. -
Diana v. California State Board
Resulted in new laws requiring that children referred for possible special education placement must be tested in their primary language -
Title IX
Stated that no person can be excluded from a school program because of their gender. This gave rise to more women athletic programs and other opportunities. -
The Rehabilitation Act
Guarantees civil rights for all people with disabilities in the context of federally funded institutions and requires schools to accommodate for those students in terms of including participation in programs and activities and their access to buildings. -
Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA)
Is a federal law passed by President Ford that laid out children's rights in special education -
No Child Left Behind Act
Set new government test standards that students were required to reach. This program was set up to help disadvantaged students. -
Standards Movement
The Standards Movement launched the common core standards in public schools. Placed an emphasis on setting academic standards and was also used to evaluate well-performing vs. under-performing schools.