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First Education Laws: Massachusetts
Required that parents and teacher see to it that their children knew the principles of religion. Also required that towns of fifty families hire a teacher who would teach children to read and write. -
MOST IMPORTANT: Education in the Colonial Period
Colonial PeriodIf counties had schools at all, it was because that area got together, pulled in their resources, hired a teacher, and gave her/him some money or “goods” for their job. Noah Webster’s Blue-Backed Speller taught three things: dividing words into syllables, pronouncing words properly, and spelling correctly. Because of this era, we have schools that have been continuously striving to become better for our children today. -
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Common Schools
Common schools were the first schools to offer free public education. They believed that children should be allowed to attend public school regardless of social class, gender, religion, ethnicity, or country of origin -
MOST IMPORTANT: Horace Mann
Horace MannHorace Mann was considered "The Father of American Education." He believed that all children should be able to receive free education. This was a tax-funded, and well-developed system. He also founded Normal Schools, which prepared elementary teachers in the way they needed to be trained to teach students, which continues today. -
Sarah Roberts (Approximate Year)
Application for school denied because she was black. All 4 schools she passed on her way to her segregated school denied her. Filed a lawsuit, but the courts ruled against her. -
Frederick Douglas (Approximate Year)
(Escaped Slave) Wanted to get children into the best schools and closer to home. Didn’t want black children walking past multiple schools to get to their segregated school. Wanted children to attend schools in the districts which they live. These African American schools were in terrible condition. -
John Dewey (Approximate Year)
“Father of progressive education.” He felt that education was a lifelong process, and that the school should be an integral part of the community. -
The Gary Plan
Designed to teach children how to work at different jobs. Most progressive school system. School served all grades, with a curriculum that encouraged students to move. -
MOST IMPORTANT: Brown vs Board of Education
Brown v Board Of EducationDe-Segregation of schools
Linda Brown and 13 other parents attempt to let their children attend a "white" school; which is much closer to their home, but they were all turned away. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregated schools have no place in education. There was still a struggle for racial equality; beginning of the Civil Rights revolution. Schools are still desegregated today. -
Sputnik and NDEA
The NDEA also provided funding for science, mathematics, and foreign language laboratories; media and other instructional material. As well as an improvement of guidance, counseling, and testing programs. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Through a source of funding (Title I), the law made resources available to meet the needs of educationally deprived children, especially for the poor. -
MOST IMPORTANT: Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act
IDEA Children with disabilities were usually confined to home or hospice care; which was the most-restrictive environment. With the passing of IDEA, students with disabilities were finally allowed to attend public schools and receive a free and appropriate education. The state and local cities are accountable to educate these students. Schools today are still successfully including disabled children. -
MOST IMPORTANT: School Choice Movement (Approximate Year)
Choice
Goal-raising academic achievement; whether alternative or regular school. “Marketplace Model”—students now have a choice of what school they want to go to; so schools compete with each other. Where children went to school wasn’t a “choice,” you just went to whatever was closest. A little competition was a great thng; it forced schools to raise their standards. Parents are still allowed to choose schools today. -
Growth of Standardized Testing (Approximate Year)
The idea that high stakes testing equivilates to measurable results. Cost = 500 million dollars. Test scores had to increase for schools to turn out a profit. -
No Child Left Behind
Officially signed by President Bush on January 8, 2002. NCLB sets a target of 100% of tested children meeting a state established "proficient" level on state standards by 2014. States don’t have enough money for NCLB. NCLB did not specify what constitutes "rigorous testing." Must have “highly qualified teachers.” States are mostly concerned about test scores.
