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Engel v. Vitale
U. S. Supreme Court rules that the state of New York's Regents prayer violates the First Amendment. -
Civil Rights Act becomes law
It prohibits discrimination based on race, color, sex, religion or national origin. -
Immigration Act of 1965
It abolishes the National Origins Formula and results in unprecedented numbers of Asians and Latin Americans immigrating to the United States, making America's classrooms much more diverse. -
PARC v. Pennsylvania
federal court rules that students with mental retardation are entitled to a free public education. -
Indian Education Act
establishes "a comprehensive approach to meeting the unique needs of American Indian and Alaska Native students" -
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
Title IX prohibits discrimination based on sex in all aspects of education. -
Education of All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142)
It requires that a free, appropriate public education, suited to the student's individual needs, and offered in the least restrictive setting be provided for all "handicapped" children. States are given until 1978 (later extended to 1981) to fully implement the law. -
Emergency Immigrant Education Act
The Emergency Immigrant Education Act is enacted to provide services and offset the costs for school districts that have unexpectedly large numbers of immigrant students. -
The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1990
increases annual immigration to 700,000 adding to the diversity of our nation and its schools. Specific aspects of the law provide for family-sponsored visas; employment-based visas for priority workers, skilled workers, and "advanced professionals" -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
The law mandates high-stakes student testing, holds schools accountable for student achievement levels, and provides penalties for schools that do not make adequate yearly progress toward meeting the goals of NCLB.
