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Dec 1, 700
Egyption Medical Textbook
(1600 BC) applies the following components: examination, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, to the treatment of disease -
Dec 1, 700
three-prong method
(400 BC) used for testing truth or falsehood of statehood -
Dec 1, 700
Inductive reasoning
(400 BC) examining the causes of sensory perceptions and drawing conclusions about the outside world. -
Dec 1, 700
Aristotle Posterior Analytics
(320 BC) categorising and subdividing knowledge, dividing knowledge -
Dec 1, 700
Euclid's Elements
(300 BC) system of theorems following logically -
Dec 1, 700
Cataloged library
(200 BC) at alexandria -
Dec 1, 1021
Book of optics
Introduced by Alhazen; experimental method and combines observations, experiments and rational arguments -
Dec 1, 1025
Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī development
experiments for mineralogy and mechanics, and conducts elaborate experiments related to astronomical phenomena. -
Dec 2, 1027
The Book of Healing
Avicenna criticizes the Aristotelian method of induction -
Dec 2, 1235
Aristotelian commentaries
Robert Grosseteste laid out the framework for the proper methods of science. -
Dec 2, 1265
Roger Bacon Described Scientific Method
based on a repeating cycle of observation, hypothesis, experimentation, and the need for independent verification -
Dec 2, 1327
Ockham's razor
clearly formulated (by William of Ockham) -
Dec 2, 1403
Yongle Encyclopedia
the first collaborative encyclopedia -
Controlled expirements
Discovered by francis bacon -
Galileo's Two New Sciences
contained two thought experiments, namely Galileo's Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment and Galileo's ship -
First description of a controlled experiment
using identical populations with only one variable -
polynomial regression
An optimal design is published by Joseph Diaz Gergonne. -
Illustrations of the Logic of Science
popularizing his trichotomy of Abduction, Deduction and Induction. Charles SandersPeirce explains randomization as a basis for statistical inference. -
blinded, randomized experiments
C. S. Peirce with Joseph Jastrow first describes blinded, randomized experiments, which become established in psychology -
multiple hypotheses
Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin proposes the use of multiple hypotheses to assist in the design of experiments -
Randomized design
popularized and analyzed by Ronald Fisher -
Falsifiability
as a criterion for evaluating new hypotheses is popularized by Karl Popper's The Logic of Scientific Discovery -
First computer simulation
It was a simulation of 12 hard spheres using a Monte Carlo algorithm. -
Meta study
combines the results of several studies that address a set of related research hypotheses -
robot scientist
First working prototype of a "robot scientist" able to perform independent experiments to test hypotheses and interpret findings without human guidance -
Controlled experiment
Designed by Jābir ibn Hayyān