Twentieth Century 1900-2000

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    Paul Dukas

    French composer, teacher, and critic; only allowed a few of his works to be published.
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    Carl Nielsen

    Danish; prolific and important to the history of Scandinavian music.
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    Jean Sibelius

    tone poems, his later music is more modern.
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    Amy Marcy Cheney Beach

    American composer and pianist; very successful in Europe; conservative style.
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    Scott Joplin

    Ragtime, 1 opera, marches, waltz. American and popularized ragtime
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    Aleksandr Skryabin

    influenced by chromaticism and impressionism; complex original harmonic language
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    Arnold Schoenberg

    the father of 12-tone music; important as an innovator; teacher of Webern and Berg.
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    Gustav Holst

    influenced by folksong and Hindu mysticism; original composer and important teacher.
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    Charles Ives

    American; most innovative, original and creative of all 20th-century composers. worked in isolation.
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    Bela Bartok

    Hungarian composer and pianist; important ethnomusicologist; known for his rhythmic music; incorporated his own native folk music into compositions/
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    Igor Stravinsky

    one of the most versatile and interesting composers of the 20th century, wrote symphonies, ballets, operas.
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    Anton von Webern

    Student of Schoenberg; known for his musical brevity and clarity of texture; uses pointillism, wrote no operas.
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    Edgard Varese

    French-American; wrote non-tonal music; focusing on elements other than pitch; innovative took interest in electronic music.
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    Alban Berg

    Student of Schoenberg; expressive language; often atonal.
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    Louis Durey

    Stage works, orchestral works, chamber music, pianos works, film scores. Turned communist in 1936
    Member of Les Six (Famous group of Six French composers)
  • Ragtime

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    Maximalism

    This term was to describe the style of music from Gustav Mahler and Richard Stauss. It was a style in which musical elements were pushed to the extreme.
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    Arthur Honegger

    Choral music, Chamber music, 5 symphonies. From Switzerland; admired Bach
    Member of Les Six (Famous group of Six French composers)
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    Darius Milhaud

    Friends with Satie; used polytonality. One of the first to use jazz in concert music. came to the US in 1940 Member of Les Six (Famous group of Six French composers)
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    Germaine Tailleferre

    12 operas, 4 ballets, film, and television scores. too modest; beautiful music. Member of Les Six (Famous group of Six French composers)
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    William Grant

    wrote blues, first black conductor for symphonies @1936
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    George Gershwin

    American composer, pianist, and conductor. Worked in Hollywood; he successfully fused jazz and pop music.
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    Duke Ellington

    American jazz composer, band-leader and pianist; created a unique style of big-band jazz. One of the first African-American composer to cross races with his music.
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    Georges Auric

    by the age of 15, he had written over 200 works. 1 opera, ballets, chamber music. Member of Les Six (Famous group of Six French composers)
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    Francis Poulenc

    delicate and sometimes irreverent style; harmonically charming. Member of Les Six (Famous group of Six French composers)
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    Aaron Copland

    Popular American composer of the 20th century; teacher, conductor, author; his music still has a special appeal to the American public.
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    Louis Armstrong

    Trumpet African-American jazz musician. Revolutionized jazz; singer, band-leader
  • Unanswered Question

    By Charles Ives, Published 1940
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    Dimitri Shostakovich

    Most important Russian composer working in Russia, 15 Symphonies
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    Elliot Carter

    American composer, innovative treatment of rhythm and form; contributed compositions into the 21st century. String quartets, Stage works
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    Olivier Messiaen

    French composer, author, and organist; incorporated sounds of nature; the first to advocate total serialism.
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    Samuel Barber

    American composer and accomplished singer; child prodigy and gifted melodist; had a successful conservative tonality in the midst of the 20th century musical experimentations.
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    John Cage

    many works of non-traditional genre, American composer and philosopher; most innovative composer, changed the definition of music used indeterminacy.
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    Leonard Bernstein

    American conductor, composer, teacher, author, pianist. Most influential American musician of the 20th century. Brought classical music to the public via various media
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    Benjamin Britten

    17 operas, most prolific and best-known English composer of the century; kept opera alive in English speaking countries
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    Jazz

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    Milton Babbitt

    American composer that denied the importance of his audience.
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    Non-tonal

    The music style that focused on musical elements other than pitch.
  • George Crumb

    American composer, most popular for expressing despair during the Vietnam War. Had vocal works, string quartets and sonatas
  • John William

    80 film scores, American composer and conductor; considered once of the best film score composers in America.
  • Krzysztof Penderecki

    Polish composer; wrote textural music using sound blocks; his atonal music has public appel; Polan's greatest living composer.
  • Philip Glass

    American-Jewish composer and performer; one of the innovators of minimalism; he is one of the most influential composers. Has dramatic works.
  • Musique concrete

    far-reaching compositional effects on modern music. took recorded natural sounds and then manipulated the sound using technology.
  • Appalachian Spring

    by Aaron Copland
  • John Adams

    American composer and conductor; expanded the new language of minimalism and neo0romanticism; one of our leading composers of post0minimalist music.
  • A Black Pierrot

    A poem that rejected love due to his color
  • Aleatoric

    chance music, a new concept of composition in which the composer left one or more musical elements to the performer
  • Electonische Musik

    developed in Germany, using the fusion of technology and acoustic music to create a different aesthetic.
  • Indeterminate

    music that was based on elements of chance. The first type of indeterminate music presented itself as aleatoric music.
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    Minimalism

    a repetitive music style that emerged in 1960 and came to its artistic height in 1980. it was based on the notion that small units of musical material.
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    Vietnam War

  • Eric Whitacre

    American composer, conductor, and lecturer; especially known for his Virtual Choir project and large, online musical performances; writes in neo-tonal style
  • Neo-Romanticism

    A label of music that appeals to the audience who are hoping for music they can understand. Most romantic elements of melody. harmony and texture are present.
  • Kyle Kindred

    American composer and teacher; active commissions in the 21st century.
  • Totalism

    a term used recently to describe music that developed among composers working in New York City as a response to Minimalism.
    This follows the unbroken patch of Maximalismm features complexity as its primary aim.
  • Globalization

    a direct result of technologies, which allowed for immediate exchange of ideas and for the access to music and cultural practices from anywhere.
  • Ragtime

    The Musical
  • Become Ocean

    by John Luther Adams, won a Pulitzer Prize