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Marbury v. Madison
On former president, John Adams last day of presidentcy he named 42 justices under the Organic Act. This was a attempt for the Federalist take control over federal judiciary before Thomas Jefferson took office. Thomas Jefferson refused to honor the commissions, claiming that they were invalid because they had not been delivered by the end of Adams’s term. Without this case the Surpreme Court would not be as srong and powerful as it is today. -
McCulloch v. Maryland
The second bank of the U.S. Was created in 1816 for the providing of loans to the national government to help collect taxes. States became scared it would create another recession like the year previous. Maryland was one of those states, and they sued the Bank Cashier of the Baltimore branch, McCulloch, when he refused to pay the tax. Without this case the federal government would be weak. -
Dred Scott v. Standford
Dred Scott was born in Missouri which is a slave state. With Missouri being his state of birth made him a slave. But his owners traveled to Illinois, which was a free state. Mr. Scott argued that since he traveled though Illinois he is now free. Without this case slavery would probably still be a issue today. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy who was not 100% white decided that he was going to sit in an all-white railroad car. After he refused to sit in the black railroad car he was arrested. Apparently he violated an 1890 Louisiana statute that provided for segregated “separate but equal” railroad accommodations. Segregation would still be in affect if this case have not taken place. -
Korematsu v. U.S.
Mr. Fred Korematsu refused to obey the wartime order to leave his home and go to a relocation camp. Because he was Japanese American, he was arrested and convicted. After he lost in the Court of Appeals, he appealed to the United States Supreme Court. If Mr. Korematsu didnt take his case to court the U.S. would not have equal protection. -
Brown v. Board of Eduation
Several black children sought admission to public schools that required segregation based on the color of their skin. Brown fought that segregation was unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th amendment. Brown v. Board stopped school segregation all over the world. -
Mapp v. Ohio
Police officers thought a bombing suspect and evidence of the bombing was at Miss Mapp’s house. After failing to get into her home on an first visit, the officers returned with an invalid search warrant, forcing their way into the residence. They did not find anything related to bombs, but they did find porn. Miss Mapp was convicted for these materials. This helped with due process and exclusionary rule. -
Gideon v. Wainwright
Gideon was charged in a Florida court with breaking and entering with intent to commit a misdemeanor. But in Florida this is a felony. He was too poor to hire a lawyer, and his request for counsel to be given to him was denied. He then represented himself, apparently he did not well enough, and was found guilty. His appeal to the Florida supreme court was denied. Without this case who knows how hard it would be to get the right to counsel. -
Miranda v. Arizona
Ernesto Miranda was charged on kidnapping and rape. Without prior notification of his rights under the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution police officals interagated him anyway. Now its harder for Self-Incrimination to come by. -
Tinker v. Des Moines
John Tinker, his sister Mary Beth Tinker, decided along with their parents to protest the Vietnam War by wearing black armbands to their Des Moines schools during the Christmas holiday season. In result they were suspended and was not allowed to return until they didnt wear the arm-bands. Thanks to a couple of kids everyone now has the power to student and symbolic speech. -
Roe v. Wade
A pregnant mother who wished to get an abortion, sued on behalf of all woman in similar situations, in an effort to prevent the enforcement of Texas laws saying all abortions are illegal except those performed to save the life of the mother. This case brung out the right of privacy! -
New Jersey v. T.L.O
A New Jersey high school student was accused of violating school rules by smoking in the bathroom, which made the principal search her purse for cigarettes. The principal found marijuana and other items and thought the student was dealing drugs. The student said cigarettes were not in voilation of the school rules. This case brung out student search and seizure. -
Hazlewood v. Kuhlmeier
Hazelwood High School Principal reviewed the school’s student-written newspaper, before it was published. One day he decided to have certain pages pulled because of the personal content in two of the articles, and acted quickly to remove them in order to meet the paper’s publication deadline. The class felt it was a violation of their First Amendment rights. This case brung out censorship and student press right. -
Texas v. Johnson
A man, Gregory Lee Johnson set the American flag on fire. No one was hurt or threatened with injury, but some people said they were offended, and Johnson was charged and convicted with the desecration of a venerated object. The Supreme Court determined that Johnson’s actions were symbolic speech protected by his First Amendment Rights. This case brung out the first amendment... freedom of speech.
