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570
Muhammud is born
He was likely born on April 26th in the year 570 CE. He was born into the Banu Hashim clan, a prominent Meccan clan. His father died before he was born and his mother died when he was six years old. -
Jan 1, 610
Muhammud is visited by the angel Gabriel
Muhammad is visited by the angel Gabriel on Mount Hira and is supposedly commanded to write the following verses:
Proclaim! (or read!) in the name of thy Lord and Cherisher, Who created-
Created man, out of a (mere) clot of congealed blood:
Proclaim! And thy Lord is Most Bountiful,-
He Who taught (the use of) the pen,-
Taught man that which he knew not.
—Quran, sura 96 (Al-Alaq), ayat 1-5 -
Jan 1, 622
Muhammud and his followers flee from Mecca to Medina
In 622 CE Muhammad was warned of a plot to assassinate him, so he fled to Medina with Abu - Bakr. The year in which he fled to Medina is the first year of the Islamic calendar. -
Jan 1, 630
Muslims capture Mecca and the Ka'ba is cleansed
On the night of November 29th ten thousand marched from Medina to Mecca. Each soldier was ordered to carry a light to make it seem as if there were more. -
Jan 1, 633
Muslim armies take fertile crescent, North African Coast, parts of Persian and Byzantine Emipres
Between 633 and 642 CE
Muslim armies take control of North Africa, Fertile Crescent, as well as parts of the Persianand Byzantine empires. -
Jan 1, 655
Islam begins to spread throughout North Africa
Islam is beginning to spread throughout parts of North Africa. It is growing rapidly. This is before the Umayyad role, and the end of the “righteous caliphs.” -
Jan 1, 661
Beginning of Umyyad rule
Imam Ali is killed, bringing an end to the four “righteous caliphs”: Abur Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali. This is also the beginning of the Umayyad role. -
Jan 1, 710
Arab armies enter Spain from North Africa
Muslims enter Spain in the west, and India in the east, taking over the land as they go. Eventually they will take over almost the whole Iberian Peninsula. -
Jan 1, 732
Muslim Empire reaches furthest extent: Battle of Tours
Prevents empitre from further advancing Northward. Defeated by Charles Martel. The Battle of Tours pitted European Christians against Muslims. The Muslimswere trying to advance on the Christians by way of the Iberian Peninsula. This is important because it preserved Christianity in a time when Muslims were conquering other places such as Rome and Persia. -
Jan 1, 750
Abbasids take rule from Umyyad and shift the seat of power to Bhagdad
For a large chunk of time, the Umayyads were in charge of the entire Muslim empire. The Abbasids took power and the Umayyads fled to Cordoba. The Abbasids moved the seat of power to Baghdad, and Baghdad became a major trade crossroads because of it. -
Jan 1, 1120
Islam continues to spread throughout Asia
The spread of Islam through Asia is important because now so much more of the world has knowledge of Islam. This made Islam a world religion. -
Jan 1, 1453
Ottomans conquer the Byzantine seat and change Constantinople to Istanbul
This picture shows the Ottomans conquering Byzantine and Constantinople. By them conquering Constantinople the city was renamed Istanbul. This is important to Islamic history because if the Ottomans didn’t conquer Constantinople, the name of the city wouldn’t be changed. -
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Persians invade Bhagdad
By Persia invading Baghdad, it sets up the beginning of the domination of Islam. -
Reign of Ma'mun
Between 813 and 833; Ma’mun marched on Baghdad, beheaded its ruler, and took power. His reignlasted twenty years. Early Muslim scholars could not agree on whether the Quran
was created or uncreated(eternal) during this time. -
West Africa begins to convert to Islam
late 900s
By Islam spreading into West Africa starts the domination of Islam as a world religion. Now many people can convert other Africans to Islam increasing the population of the Islam religion.
