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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
The supreme court declared the "separate but equal" belief to be unconstitutional and ordered all children, regardless of race, to have equal access to schooling (Banks, 2020). This historic landmark paved the way for multicultural education due to it being the first major educational victory for students of color. -
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Civil Rights Movement
Multicultural Education stemmed during the civil rights movement. The goal during this time was to eliminate discrimination in public accommodations, housing, employment, and education. Activists demanded curricula to reflect ethnic groups, more brown and black educators hired, cultural holidays to be observed, and diverse courses (Banks, 2020). -
Feminist Movement
During the fight for gender equality, feminists found school textbooks to be male centered and military focused. Therefore, feminists fought for women achievements to be mentioned and for more women in administrative roles (Banks, 2020). Because of this, the U.S educational reformation started to look at our curricula with gender lens. -
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Mismatch Hypothesis
A decade after the introduction of the Cultural deficit model, anthropologists dismissed the deficit-driven approach and instead believed that certain groups of students are failing due to the mismatch between their home, culture, and community. Educators then started finding ways to support the student in all domains. -
The Education For All Handicapped Children
This act required all students with disabilities be educated in the least restricted environment and obtaining as much support they need to be successful (Banks, 2020). The act has now been renamed to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (Banks, 2020).