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Northern Securities Act
In the case of Northern Securities Co. v. United States the Court ruled 5 to 4 against the stockholders of the Great Northern and Northern Pacific railroad companies. They had essentially formed a monopoly. The monopoly essentially removed the northern securities company. -
FDA
The FDA was created in 1906 when congress passed the Food and Drug act. The FDA was given jurisdiction over the regulation of foods and patent medicines that people purchased. In 1938 congress broadened the FDA to also include the regulation of medical and theraputic devices within its jurisdiction. -
Muller v. Oregon
This case upheld Oregon state restrictions on the working hours of women. Curt Muller, the owner of a laundry business, was convicted of violating Oregon labor laws by making a female employee work more than ten hours in a single day. He lost the case. -
Underwood Tarriff Act
The Underwood Tarriff Act of 1913 reduced tarriffs and introduced a graduated income tax. The Act was signed by president Woodrow Wilson. It was sponsored by Alabama representative Oscar Underwood. -
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
The Clayton Anti-Trust Act was passed during the Wilson Administration. The Clayton Act specified particular prohibited conduct, the three-level enforcement scheme, the exemptions, and the remedial measures. -
17th amendment
The Seventeenth Amendment established direct election of United States Senators by popular vote. It also alters the procedure for filling vacancies in the Senate. This allows state legislatures to permit their governors to make temporary appointments until a special election can be held. -
Federal Reserve
The Federal Reserve is the central banking system of the United States. It was created during a banking crisis soon after the Great Depression. The main goals of the Federal Reserve are to maintain employment, keep prices stable, and keep intrest rates at a moderate level. -
The Jungle
The Jungle was a book written by Upton Sinclair. The purpose of the book was to point out the evils of the meat packing industry. Many people stopped purchasing meat. -
Federal Trade Commission
The Federal Trade Commission is an independent agency of the United States government. It was established in 1914 by the Federal Trade Commission Act. Its principal mission is the promotion of consumer protection and the elimination and prevention of harmful anti-competitive business practices. -
Election of 1916
The election of 1912 was a rare one in that it was a four-way contest. President William Howard Taft was renominated by the Republican Party with the support of its conservative wing. The Bull Moose Party nominated Roosevelt. The Socialist Party of America nominated Eugene Debbs. Woodrow Wilson was the democratic candidate. Wilson won the election. -
18th Amendment
The 18th Amendment prohibited Alcohol in the United States. It was appealed in 1933. This is the only case in which an ammendment has been repealed. -
19th amendment
Until this amendment was ratified, most states denied woment the right to vote. The Nineteenth Amendment prohibits any United States citizen to be denied the right to vote based on sex. It was ratified on August 18, 1920.