Steps that led England to a Limited Monarchy

First English Parliament

Jan 20, 1265

Simon de Montfort led an England rebellion. A group was formed that supported Montfort, and another that supported the King. In 1263, the King received a letter than exterminated him. Both groups then formed armies, which then waged war against each other. Montfort won this war. Simon de Montfort then took the English throne and established the first parliament in England's history.

Growth of England's Economy

Mar 14, 1550

England's major industry was the exportation of wool. During this time, new industrial tools and techniques were established. As the economy grew, merchants grew wealthier and more well known. Coal's use was increased and became more popular.

English Civil War

Aug 22, 1642

English King Charles I and the English Parliament never wanted to back down on what they believed on what was right or wrong, and they never agreed with one another. This caused a war. King Charles I never listened to what Parliament had to say, so they separated. The country then split into two parts, one that supported the king, and the other that supported Parliament.

The Gentry

May 19, 1646

The Gentry was a group of people made up of 15,000 british civilians who spoke for their country when decisions needed to be made. This group wasn't made up of all wealthy or royal people, it was a mix of people from all different social classes. Common people and people from lower classes finally had their chance to speak their ideas and opinions. Their ideas and input helped establish a limited monarchy. The Gentry and Parliament are separate groups, and they have separate beliefs and rights.

Execution of Charles I

Jan 30, 1649

Charles I was accused of being a murderer and traitor to England's people. Throughout the entire trial, Charles I never once defended himself until the court's judgement. But, by this time, he was already too late.

Charles II

Apr 23, 1661

After Charles I was executed, Oliver Cromwell became King of England. King Cromwell died in 1658, and Charles II, who was at the time, King of Ireland, was asked to take the English Throne. He accepted this offer. This event was known as the restoration. King Charles II was a good leader.

Act of Settlement

Jun 12, 1701

Act of Settlement was an act of England's Parliament to settle succession to the English throne. This document, along with the Bill of Rights - written in 1689 - remain the two main constitutional laws regarding succession. With this act, Parliament gained more power and more rights.