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Period: to
Genetics
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Mendel's expirements
Mendel's paper about genetics is published. He discovered ressecive and dominate traits and how they worked. -
DNA first dicovered as an acidic substance
Friedrich Miescher discovered DNA as an acidic substance. He discovered it in the nuclei. -
Mitosis described
Walter Flemming describes chromosome behavior during cell division. -
Redicovery
Three men rediscover Mendel's work while doing their own. They had been working on laws of inheritance. -
Chromosome theory of inheritance
Walter Sutton observes segragation patterns and sees that they match Mendel's -
Chromosomes and genes
Thomas Hunt Morgan and his students studied fruit flies' chromosomes. The dicovered that chromosomes carry genes and determine genetic linkage. -
Non-virulent to Virulent
Some component of heat-killed virulent bacteria can change a non-virulent strain to a virulent strain. This was shown by Fred Griffith. -
DNA Transforms Cells
Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty all had a part of this. They had showed that DNA can change the properties of cells.It mediates heredity. -
Equal
In DNA there are equal amounts of A and T, and C and G. This was discovered by Erwin Chargaff. -
Genes are DNA
Alfred Hershey & Martha Chase had showed that only the DNA of a virus needs to enter a bacterium to infect it. -
double helix
Watson and Crick describe the double helix structure of a DNA molecule. -
46 chromosomes
Joe Hin Tjio descovers the exact number of chromosomes. There are 46. -
Restriction Enzymes
The first restriction enyme becomes purified. This was done by Hamilton Smith. -
First animal gene cloned
A segment of DNA containing a gene from
the African clawed frog Xenopus is fused with DNA from the
bacterium E. coli and placed the resulting DNA back into an
E. coli cell. There, the frog DNA was copied and the gene it
contained directed the production of a specific frog protein. -
DNA sequencing
Frederick Sanger and colleagues. The Sanger method is most commonly employed in the lab today, with colored dyes used to identify each of the four nucleic acids that make up DNA. -
Disease gene mapped
A genetic marker for Huntington’s disease is found on chromosome 4. -
Disease gene cloned
A method for finding a gene without the knowledge of the
protein it encodes is developed. So called, positional cloning
can help in understanding inherited disease, such as muscular
dystrophy.
