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Stock Market Crash
The Stock Market Crash was a crash of stock prices on October 24, 1929. This lasted four days, leaving about half of the American banks close and 15 million people unemployed. This led to a global economic collapse, ultimately leading to the Great Depression. -
Roosevelt First Election
Roosevelt ran against Herbert Hoover who was Republican in 1932. Roosevelt defeated Hoover and became the first of five successive Democratic presidential wins. -
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Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
The Civilian Conservation Corps was a public work relief program for unemployed and/or unmarried men. The men worked for the government to build roads, bridges, etc. This program was part of the New Deal during the Great Depression. -
Social Security Act
The social security act was meant to be an Insurance program that paid retired workers ( 65 and up) so they could have an income after retirement. The process is when you are younger you pay into Social Security. Then, when you are older you recieve the benifits. -
FDR Court Packing Scandal
On February 2, 1937, FDR announced his " court-packing" plan meant to expand the supreme court up to 15 judges saying that it will make it more efficient. In reality, he was trying to neutralize the court so he could propose his New Deal plan. -
HUAC Formed
HUAC (House of Un-American Activites Committee) was a group of anti-communists that investigated and interrogated communists and communist activity. This group was formed in 1938 but didn't really have popularity until 1947 due to the Red Scare and Cold War. -
Germany Breaks Munich Pact
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Battle of Britain
The Battle of Britain was an air battle between England and Nazi Germany's air force, the Luftwaffe. Germany had been targeting Britains air bases, military posts, and civilians for months. However, they failed to ever gain any superiority over the Royal air force. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
With the tensions high between Japan and U.S. in late 1930's, the Japanese thought that the only reasonable solution was to attack the U.S. before the U.S. attacked them. So, in December of 1941, the Japanese launched an attack on the US Naval Base in Pearl Habor, Hawaii. The bombing lasted for two hours and 2,400 men were killed. -
Operation Overload/D-Day
The Battle of Normandy, codenamed Operation Overlord, was the launching of the allied operation that succeeded in invading German-occupied western Europe. The Normandy landings are known as D-Day, which were the day that american soldeirs landed on german territory. -
FDR Dies/Truman President
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Nuclear bomb dropped on Hiroshima/Nagasaki
The US needed a way to force Japan to surrender to minimize American casualties. Also, they needed to make sure the Soviet Union didn't enter the war. There were two atomic bombs dropped on Japan in August 1945. The first one was dropped on Hiroshima. 90% if the city was wiped out and 80,000 civilians died and even more died later due to radiation exposure. Three days later, the US dropped another bomb on Nagasaki after Japan refused to surrender. -
United Nations created
The United Nations was originally formed by the representatives of 26 nations that were at war with the Axis powers. They signed a document that made them agree to use their resources to the fullest against the Axis powers. Also, they agreed not make any separate peace treaties. -
Truman Doctrine
This American Foreign policy was announced to Congress by President Truman in March 1947. The main goal of the policy was to stop the communist expansion of the soviet union during the Cold war. They didn't want communism spreading to East European countries. -
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Berlin Airlift
The city of Berlin was isolated by a Soviet Union blockade in 1948. So, British Pilots flew over the blockade for about a year, delivering food and supplies to the people who were stuck in the city. -
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Korean War
The Korean War started after WWII when Korea was split into two, with a northern Communist side and an American occupied side. These two sides were divided by the 38th parallel. The actual war began after the North Korean Communist army crossed the parallel and invaded South Korea. Nothing really came out of the war other than the stopping of communism expansion. -
Rosenberg trials
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were accused of espionage for selling atomic secrets to the Soviet Union. They denied any wrongdoing, however, the jury still found the couple guilty of attempted Espionage. They were executed a while later. -
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Brown v Board
Brown v Board of Education was a court case taken to supreme court that ruled segregation in public schools is unconstitutional because it was against the 14th amendment. -
Lynching of Emmett Till
Emmett Till was from Chicago, visiting his family in Mississippi when he was murdered for flirting with a white woman in a store. The woman's husband and son were found not guilty of the brutal murder. Emmet's mom decided to have an open casket to show the world racism had done. -
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Vietnam War
The Vietnam war started with the Gulf of Tonkin and the US declared war on Vietnam. The war was fought between North and South Vietnam. Soth Vietnam was southern allies while North was communist. There were many battles but no real progress was ever made on either side. It ended with a peace agreement between the two sides. -
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott took place after the Rosa Parks incident where she refused to give up her spot on the bus to a white man and was arrested. The boycott in total lasted around a whole year when people of color refused to ride the public bus and would walk everywhere instead. The Boycott ended when they passed a law desegregating public buses. -
Sputnik
The Soviet Union was the first to put a man-made object into space. This space exploration heightened the tension between the US and Soviet Union during the Cold War. Sputnik was the first artificial satellite to be placed in Earth's orbit. -
SNCC Formed
The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee was a group of younger blacks that gave them a stronger voice in the civil rights movement. This was because the older civil rights movement mostly consisted of older generations. They wanted to go beyond social change and use nonviolence as a way of life. -
Greensboro Sit Ins
The Greensboro Sit-Ins occurred in North Carolina. It was a series of nonviolent protests against segregation in public places. These protests led to many store chains in the south removing their racial segregation policies. -
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Freedom Rides
The freedom riders were a group of white and African American civil rights activists who went on bus trips through the South in 1961. They fought against the segregation laws in buses, restaurants, and all public places throughout the South and drew attention to their cause because they were often met with violence or police. They were offered support by the government several times, but were abandoned and yet again met with brutality and angry mobs. -
Berlin Wall
At the beginning of the cold war, East Berlin was taken over by Communist German authorities. So, East Germans that were democratic found a way to escape their control, West Berlin. When the authorities found out about this they build a wall that encircled Berlin so no one could get in or out. -
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Cuban Missile Crisis
The Soviet Union saw an opportunity to develop a relationship with Cuba so they offered a promise to protect Cuba from the United States. This created the most serious foreign policy crisis the Kennedy Administration had to face. -
March on Washington
The March on Washington was a political demonstration that supported major civil rights legislation that was pending in Congress at the time. They were there to pressure JFK to initiate a strong civil rights bill. The civil rights leaders were also there to protest against racial discrimination. MLK gave his famous " I Have a Dream" speech during this march as well. -
Assassination of JFK
John F Kennedy was the 35th president of the United States when he was assassinated by Harvey Oswald. Kennedy was riding in a car with his wife in Dallas ,Texas when he was shot. -
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
The Gulf of Tonkin incident happened when an American ship was testing the sea boundaries of the North Vietnamese coast when a ship came into sight. The American ship shot at the boat and claimed that the boat was life-threatening. Later, the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution gave president Johnson the right to take any measures deemed necessary to keep peace with southeast Asia. -
Assassination of Malcolm X
Malcolm X was a minister and throughout his life, activated for civil rights. He was the leader of the NAtion of Islam in the 1950s and 1960s. He was assassinated at the age of 38 by Thomas Hagan in New York City. -
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Operation Rolling Thunder
Operation Rolling Thunder was a bombing campaign against North Vietnam during the war. There were major limitations for this operation, like not being allowed to bomb passed the 19th parallel in fear of China getting involved the war. Also, they were only allowed to bomb factories and army bases, so no civilians are harmed. Both attempts at Operation Rolling Thunder failed. -
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Selma to Montgomery March
The Selma to Montgomery March was meant to achieve voting rights for the African Americans in the south. The first march from Selma was also known as “Bloody Sunday” where it caught the attention of many outraged Americans who saw that the demonstrators were tear gassed and severely beaten when they refused to turn away. -
Black Panthers Formed
The Black Panthers were a political organization founded in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale and their original goal was to fight against police brutality against African Americans. They would dress in black berets and black leather jackets and organized armed citizen patrols to patrol Oakland and other US cities. -
Loving v Virginia
One African American woman named Mildred Jeter and a white man named Richard Loving lived in Virginia. When they got married in the District of Columbia in 1958, they were charged due to an interracial relationship. The couple was found guilty and sentenced to a year in prison. -
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Tet-Offensive
North Vietnam and Viet Cong forces launched an attack on targets in South Vietnam during the lunar new year known as tet. The Tet Offensive took a major part in the weakening US public support of the war in Vietnam. -
Assassination of MLK
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was in Memphis Tennesse when he was assassinated. He is known for being one of the most impactful,
African American leaders of civil rights movement in the 1950s. -
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Woodstock
The Woodstock Music and Art Festival was a rock music festival hosted at a dairy farm in New York. This event is the staple of the counterculture of the 1960s and the hippie era. -
Kent State
Students at Kent State were protesting the bombing of Cambodia in May 1970. Eventually, they clashed with the Ohio National guards on campus. Four students were shot and killed in this inccedent and this event became a focal point for a divided nation on the vietnam war. -
Vietnam Day
Vietnam Day is the date that Vietnam declared independence after the Vietnam war.
