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Mendez vs. Westminster
Setting the stage for Brown vs. Board, a US District Court ruled that is is unconstitutional for students of Mexican descent to be educated separately from other students.
United States Courts. (2011). Background - Mendez v. Westminster Re-Enactment. United States Courts. https://www.uscourts.gov/educational-resources/educational-activities/background-mendez-v-westminster-re-enactment -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Separate but equal education of children in schools was ruled to but unconstitutional, ending racial segregation in schools.
National Archives. (2021, November 22). Brown v. Board of Education (1954). National Archives; The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/brown-v-board-of-education -
LBJ signs ESEA (Title I) Legislation
"Title I under the ESEA was designed by President Lyndon B. Johnson to close the skill gap in reading, writing and mathematics between children from low-income households who attend urban or rural school systems and children from the middle-class who attend suburban school systems."
ESEA Network. (2011). About ESEA. Eseanetwork.org; National Association of ESEA State Program Administrators. https://www.eseanetwork.org/about/esea -
Title VIIA, The American Indian Education Act
This act was passed to better support American Indian and Alaskan Native students in education.
Title VIIA - Indian Education Act | Bureau of Indian Education. (1972). Www.bie.edu. https://www.bie.edu/topic-page/title-viia-indian-education-act#:~:text=Title%20VII%2C%20Part%20A%20%2D%20Indian -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
This act updated a prior law and entitles students of diverse learning needs to a "Free Appropriate Public Education".
U.S. Department of Education. (2017). Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. IDEA. https://sites.ed.gov/idea/