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100
Origin
Smallpox originated in the first agricultural civilizations in Africa in roughly 10,000 BCE. -
Period: 100 to
Small Pox
began roughly 10,000 BCE but no one is sure when exactly. -
130
Hittitie Outbreak
Hittitie armies were infected by prisoners of war from Egypt, further spreading the disease. -
150
Doctors Opinions on Smallpox in Europe
Doctors and others did not think of smallpox as a big deal until after the bubonic plague ended, because that is when smallpox became more deadly. It is unknown the exact time smallpox infected Europe. -
250
Chinese Outbreak
Around 250 BCE is when small pox infected China -
Jan 1, 1000
Chinese Inoculation
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Jan 1, 1500
Smallpox Crosses the Atlantic
As people started sailing across the Atlantic in search of new land, adventure, and many other things, they also brought with them and picked up the smallpox disease. -
Jan 1, 1519
Puerto Rico Outbreak
Spanish explorers traveled to Puerto Rico and brought with them the smallpox disease causing yet another outbreak but this time in Puerto Rico. 30,000,000 casualties. -
Jan 1, 1545
Epidemic in India
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Royalty Steps In
when a chinese emperor died, his son supported inoculation with a letter -
Smallpox Treatment
Thomas Sydenham came up with the idea that treatment of mild cases of smallpox did more harm than good -
Royal Death
Queen Mary II died of a form of smallpox -
North American Outbreak- The Great Lakes
Small pox brought mass terror and deaths to tribes along the Great Lakes. -
First English Variolation
Lady Mary Montagu brought the practice of variolation to England -
Inoculation Success
Catherine the Great of Russia had a secret inoculation surgery in which was successful, causing others to follow behind -
Vaccination is Developed
Edward Jenner found the vaccination for smallpox when he noticed that those who had cowpox were immune to smallpox. -
North American Outbreak- The Americas
Boston was hit with the disease where more than half the popultion was infected. This affected the Revolutionary War because the soldiers- both american and brittish- were affected. -
Variolation vs. Vaccination
Dr. Jean de Carro suggested that inoculation should be eliminated, saying, “It is inconsistent for a government to encourage vaccination and not forbid inoculation.” -
Increase in Vaccine Production
The New York Board of Health established a vaccine farm in Lakeview, New Jersey. -
Epidemics Continue
although a vaccination was invented and used, there was still some communites that had strong suspicion -
More Epidemics
Vaccinations were limited at this point in history; therefore epidemics were occuring -
Period: to
North American Outbreak
When European explorers traveled to North America they gave the smallpox disease to the natives. -
The Biologics Control Act
The U.S. Congress passed "An act to regulate the sale of viruses, serums, toxins, and analogous products," later referred to as the Biologics Control Act -
U.S. Supreme Court and Smallpox
The U.S. Supreme Court in the case of Jacobson v. Massachusetts upheld the constitutionality of mandatory smallpox vaccination programs to preserve the public health. -
Vaccination Requirements in School
many U.S. schools did not allow children to attend school before they had been vaccinated. -
Vaccine Opposition Grows
although vaccinations proved safe and effective, there were still those that opposed it. -
Smallpox reaches the Brittish Medical Journal
The Brittish Medical Journal published an article showing the fatality rate in England and Wales -
the Birfucated Needle
Dr. Benjamin Rubin of Wyeth Laboratories patented the bifurcated needle for delivery of smallpox vaccine. Using bifurcated needles for vaccination required less vaccine material for each dose, and was easier than previous methods. -
WHO
The World Health Organization initiated a world wide eradication campaign against small pox -
Cowpox Helping Hand
a farmer, Benjamin Jesty, infected his family with cowpox to prevent them from getting smallpox-- which was successful -
Vaccine Production Advances
English physician S. Monkton Copeman showed that adding glycerin to lymph acts as a germicide -
Smallpox Today
Although smallpox is not eradicated, it is no longer the problem it was many years ago. We now have vaccinations and cures and if someone does become infected with the diesease, we have answers.
