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Till & McCulloch Discover Stem Cells
"Toronto scientists Drs. James Till, a biophysicist, and Ernest McCulloch, a haematologist, published accidental findings in “Radiation Research” that proved the existence of stem cells – cells that can self-renew repeatedly for various uses. Both worked for the Ontario Cancer Institute (OCI) at the time." (StemCellHistory.com) -
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Stem Cell History By: Tj Grovver
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Congress Bans Research Funding
"The 93rd Congress implements a ban on nearly all federally funded fetal tissue research until the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research devises guidelines for it." (StemCellHistory.com) -
Ethics Advisory Board Established
"Guidelines establish an Ethics Advisory Board for fetal and fetal tissue research that originate from abortions." (StemCellHistory.com) -
Reagan Kills Ethics Advisory Board
"President Ronald Reagan decides not to renew the Ethics Advisory Board’s charter. The EAB had recommended federally funded investigations into the safety of in vitro fertilization using human embryos developed in vitro for no more than 14 days, but a de facto moratorium halts federal funding of human embryo research due to the EAB’s disbanding." (StemCellHistory.com) -
Funding of Embryo Research Approved
"Human Fetal Tissue Transplantation Research Panel reopens the question and votes 18-3 to approve the federal funding of embryo research. Despite this level of support for the research, the Department of Health and Human Services accepts the testimony of three conservative dissenters who argue that embryonic research would lead to an increase in abortions, and in response, extends the moratorium on this research." (StemCellHistory.com) -
Dickey-Wicker Amendment
"Congress bans the federal funding for research on embryos through the Dickey-Wicker Amendment, named after its sponsors Jay Dickey (R-AR) and Roger Wicker (R-MI). The amendment prohibits the use of federal funds for “the creation of human embryo or embryos for research purposes; or research in which a human embryo or embryos are destroyed, discarded, or knowingly subjected to risk of injury or death greater than that allowed for research on fetuses in utero." (StemCellHistory.com) -
ISSCR Guidelines
"The International Society for Stem Cell Research releases its “Guidelines for the Conduct of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research.”" (StemCellHistory.com) -
New NAS Guidelines
"The National Academies releases the 2007 amendments for its guidelines." (StemCellHistory.com) -
Bush Calls for Work on Alternate Sources
"President Bush issues an executive order calling upon the HHS secretary to support and encourage research on alternative sources of pluripotent stem cells. He also requests that the Human Embryonic Stem Cell Registry be renamed the Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Registry." (StemCellHistory.com) -
Yamanaka and Thomson Independently Derive iPS Cells
"Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University and James Thomson of the University of Wisconsin-Madison both publish papers on their separate discoveries of induced pluripotent stem cells. These pluripotent cells were created from skin cells that had four genes inserted into them with viruses. This procedure resulted in the skin cells acquiring properties similar to embryonic stem cells. Researchers were able to coax these so-called iPS cells into becoming beating heart cells and nerve cells." (StemCellHi -
NAS Release New Guidelines
"The National Academies releases the 2008 amendments for its guidelines."(StemCellHisto[ry.com) -
ISSCR Releases Guidelines for Clinical Translation
"The International Society for Stem Cell Research releases its new Guidelines for the Clinical Translation of Stem Cells" (StemCellHistory.com) -
New Administration Begins
"Barack Obama is sworn in as the 44th president of the United States, having promised to change the current restrictions on human embryonic stem cell research."(StemCellHistory.com) -
Obama Reverses Bush’s 2001 Executive Order
"President Obama Issues Executive Order: Removing Barriers to Responsible Scientific Research Involving Human Stem Cells" (StemCellHistory.com) -
Ernest McCulloch dies
"Ernest McCulloch, who was part of the team that first proved the existence of stem cells, died at the age of 84 just days before a celebration to mark the 50th anniversary of the discovery. The cause of death is unknown. McCulloch was born in Toronto and worked as a lead researcher at the Ontario Cancer Institute and the Institute of Medical Science at the University of Toronto."(StemCellHistory.com) -
Blindness eased by historic stem cell treatment
Two people with eye degeneration both say their vision improved in the four months after they received implants of retinal pigment epithelial cells made from hESCs (human embryonic stem cells). The treatments were also safe, with no sign that the cells triggered aggressive tumours called teratomas, no sign of immune rejection of the cells, and no inflammation. The procedures were performed by Dr. Robert Lanza, a renowned stem cell scientist from Massachusets" (StemmCellHistory.com) -
Court upholds federal funding of embryonic stem cell research
"A senior US appeals court ruled on August 24, 2012 that the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) is legally able to fund research based on human embryonic stem cells. The decision was made by a three-judge panel of the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and upholds a 2011 decision by a lower court, which found that the NIH’s funding of the research was legal despite a 1996 law (Dickey-Wicker Amendment)"(StemCellHistory.com) -
Scientists Create Stem Cells From Urine
Chinese scientists from the Guangzhou Institutes of "Biomedicine and Health have converted cells found in urine into pluripotent stem cells that can be used to create neurons and brain cells. The researchers say the find holds huge potential for the rapid testing and development of new treatments for neuro-degenerative disorders" (StemCellHistory.com) -
Stem Cells Derived from Cloned Human Embryos
"Scientists recovered stem cells from cloned human embryos, a longstanding goal that could lead to new treatments for such illnesses as Parkinson’s disease and diabetes, using somatic nuclear transfer, or SCNT"(StemCellHistory.com) -
Human Liver Created from Stem Cells
"Scientists in Japan said they had grown human liver tissue from stem cells in a first that holds promise for alleviating the critical shortage of donor organs."(StemCellHistory.com) -
First Test-Tube Burger is Made from Cow Stem Cells
"Created by Dutch scientist Mark Post of Maastricht University in the Netherlands, the world’s first test-tube burger, made from lab-grown meat, has been cooked and eaten in London on August 5, 2013. The 142g patty was made from 20,000 strips of meat grown from cow stem cells."(StemCellHistory.com