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Marshall
Marshall (1801-1835): first state law was said to be unconstitutional, the power of judicial review given to Supreme Court, Constitution gave Congress the implied powers (powers and actions could not impede on any constitutional exercises of power performed by the federal government), and Congress had the power to regulate interstate commerce. Individual rights weren’t expanded, and they also were not limited. Congress expanded its rights.
Marbury vs. Madison- Judicial Review -
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Vinson
Vinson (1946-1953): court voided President Truman's seizure of the steel industry during a strike, death sentence of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, states practicing the separate but equal doctrine must provide facilities that were truly equal. Individual rights stayed the same, but state rights were expanded.
United States vs Carmack- and held by a local government is still subject to eminent domain by the federal government -
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Warren
Warren (1953-1969): ended racial segregation, ending officially sanctioned voluntary prayer in public schools. Individual civil rights and liberties were expanded.
Brown vs Board of Education- ended segregation in schools -
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Burger
Burger (1969-1986): created better courts, Congress could not reserve a legislative veto over executive branch actions, made school buses be desegregated. Expanded individual rights, and bettered our court systems.
Baird vs State Bar of Arizona- states cannot ban people from legal practice due to Communist party membership -
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Rehnquist
Rehnquist (1986-2005): impeached Bill Clinton, reinforced and extended the doctrine of sovereign immunity, burning the american flag is freedom of speech, victims of gender-motivated violence to sue their attackers in federal court, intimate consensual sexual conduct was protected by substantive due process under the Fourteenth Amendment. Individual rights were expanded.
Maryland vs Garrison- reasonable belief by police in the validity of a search warrant