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Period: to
Pietro Metatasio
Court poet in Vienna; most important author of librettos for the 18th century; his libretti were set over 800 times in the in the 18th and 19th centuries -
Period: to
Giovanni Battista Sammartini
Galant Italian composer and innovator of the symphony in Milan, 1730s+ -
Period: to
Farnelli (Carlo Broschi)
One of the most famous castrati in the 18th century; trained by Porpora -
Period: to
Franz Xaver Richter
German composer, teacher, and singer; the innovator of the string quartet; one of the foremost Mannheim composers -
Period: to
Prince Nikolaus J. Eszterhazy
Haydn's patron and employer until 1790 -
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Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach
Galant; eldest son of J. S. Bach; wrote in both Baroque and classic styles; associated with Empfindsamkeit (Empfindsam style, or the "sentimental" style; worked for 30 years in Berlin for Fredrick the Great. -
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Christoph Willibald Gluck
German opera-reform composer, often considered Baroque; created a new balance between music and drama; jealous of Mozart, but who can blame him -
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Johann Stamitz
Galant, symphonic innovator in Mannheim; conductor, violinist, and teacher; he helped to establish the symphonic genre -
Period: to
Dr. Charles Burney
Music historian, author, and organist who traveled Europe and wrote about his observations -
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Franz Joseph Haydn
A primary Austrian composer who served as an innovator and mover within the new classical; teacher, keyboardist, and violinist -
Period: to
Johann Christian Bach
Worked in Milan and London; son of J. S. Bach; friend and influence of to Mozart; set up concert series in London with Abel -
Genres of The Classical Era
Allemande, Anthem, Aria, Ballet. Concerto. Divertimento, Incidental Music, Intermezzi, Landler, Lied, March, Melodrama, Minuet, Motet, Opera Buffa, Opera Seria, Overture, Partita, Pasticcio, Quodlibet, Recitative, Rondo, Serenade, Singspiel, Sonata, String Quartet, String Trio, Symphony, -
Period: to
Luigi Boccherini
Italian composer and cellist; prolific -
Period: to
William Billings
Most prominent composer in the New America; singing teacher; not a strong composer -
Period: to
Domenico Cimarosa
Italian composer; a central figure in opera in the late 18th century; extraordinarily successful in his day -
Period: to
Lorenzo Da Ponte
Italian librettist an poet; collaborated with Mozart; moved to the US and was a professor at Columbia College in New York; he was a controversia -
Period: to
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
German poet and writer; he was a literary force behind Romanticism; composers continue to set his works to music -
Period: to
Antonio Salieri
Italian composer and teacher; he functioned in the transitional periods between the galant and the classic and then again between the classic and the romantic; extremely successful -
Period: to
Muzio Clementi
English composer of Italian birth; keyboardist, teacher, music publisher, and piano manufacturer -
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Austrian composer; child prodigy; wrote in all genres; best innovations were in opera; he represents to many today the epitome of the classical style; one of the best musicians and composers of all time -
Period: to
Carl Fiedrich Zelter
German composer, teacher, and conductor; most important for his vocal works and his influence in Berlin -
Period: to
The Revolutionary War
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Benjamin Franklin invented the Bifocals
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Period: to
The French Revolution