-
460 BCE
Democritus (460- 370 BC)
Democritus, wrote on the advantages
conferred by schooling and the influence of the home on learning -
400 BCE
The ancient Jewish
Our field probably started unnoticed and undistinguished, as part of the folk,traditions of people trying to educate their young ritual of Passover precedes the contemporary work of Cronbach and Snow. To reflect on any act of teaching and learning demands thinking about individual differences, assessment, development, the nature of the subject matter being taught, problem solving, and transfer of learning. -
365 BCE
Socrates, Plato y Aristoteles
Plato and Aristotle discussed about the kinds of education ; the training of the body and the cultivation of psychomotor skills;the formation of good character; the possibilities and limits of moral education; the effects of music, poetry, and the other arts on the development of the individual; the role of the teacher; the relations teacher - student; methods of teaching; the nature of learning; the order of learning; affect and learning; and learning apart from a teacher. -
100
Roman times (35-100 A.D.)
During Roman times, Quintilian argued in favor of public rather than private education.He condemned physical force as a method of discipline,He urged that teachers take
into account individual differences, suggesting that they take time to study the unique characteristics of their students. He also set forth criteria for teacher selection -
1500
Juan Vives (1493-1540)
He was a Spanish humanist and educational theorist who strongly opposed scholasticism and made his mark as one of the most influential advocates of humanistic learning in the early sixteenth century. His works are not limited to education but deal with a wide range of subjects including philosophy, psychology, politics, social reform and religion. Vives which makes it difficult to classify him as a philosopher. His thought is eclectic and pragmatic, as well as historical, in its orientation. -
John Comenius (1592-1670)
Comenius revolutionized education in three ways: school systems, educational theories, and educational methods. First, Comenius outlined the school system prominently used in America today: kindergarten, elementary school, secondary school, college, and university. Secondly, he created a general theory of education around the idea of education according to nature whereby children learned at a natural pace from simple concepts to challenging theories (Schwarz & Martin, 46). -
Fredrich Herbart (1776-1841)
Principal achievements:- Introduced the concepts of the unconscious and threshold of consciousness (an idea having to go beyond to become conscious)
- Empathized the importance of interest in motivation
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John Dewey (1859-1952)
John Dewey (1859-1952), were, like
James's, in three intertwined fields of study: philosophy, psychology, and pedagogy. Dewey argued that what held together stimuli and
their responses were the interpretations given to both, thus putting consciousness,attribution, and constructivist views squarely before the emerging stimulus response (S-R) psychologists of that time.Dewey's important psychological article (1896) had immediate educational implications. -
Joseph Mayer Rice (1857- 1934)
Joseph Mayer Rice was the father of research on teaching, he endured great difficulties for his beliefs just a few years before the experimental psychology of E. L. Thorndike was deemed acceptable, Rice was asked to present his empirical classroom-based research on the futility of the spelling grind . -
G. Stanley Hall (1844-1924)
founder of the child-study movement that James worried about, was a promoter of psychology in ways that James must have found distasteful.Hall is remembered at Hopkins by the APA for founding the first English language
psychology journal, the American Journal of Psychology. But Hall also founded the second English language psychological journal in America, and it was an educational psychology journal. -
William James (1842-1910)
William James was a psychologist and philosopher who had a major influence on the development of psychology in the United States.
Principal achievements:
- Recognized as one of the most influential psychologists
- He was a Darwinian who helped introduce the theory into psychology, he believed that man inherited many instincts(more than other animals)
- He contended that memory is enhanced when it is organized, and cramming is a poor strategy because we make few connections in a short time. -
John B. Carroll 1916-2003
One of our most honored educational
psychologists, published his model of school learning he wrote about the discipline of educational psychology and noted that the potential of educational psychology remained untapped because it seemed not to be concerned with genuine educational problems. -
Philip W. Jackson 1928
Laid the problems of our field squarely
at Thorndike's feet. He cited four ways in which the introduction to the maiden issue of the Journal of Educational Psychology set the stage for the difficulties that would follow
