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Period: to
Early American History
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Declaration of Independence signed
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Constitution written
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Bill of Rights ratified
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Period: to
Civil War/Reconstruction
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Homestead Act
provided 160 acres to anyone willing to settle on land in the west -
13th Amendment
Abolished Slavery -
14th Amendment
Citizenship and due process -
Transcontinental Railroad Completed
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15th Amendment
Voting for all male citizens -
Telephone Invented by Alexander Graham Bell
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Period: to
The Gilded Age
Rockefeller/Carnegie (Captains of Industry vs. Robber Barons)
Philanthropy: desire to promote the welfare of others, expressed especially by the generous donation of money to good causes.
Monopoly: large companies that controlled an industry
Jane Addams: progressive social reformer and activist, settlement house.
Laissez-Faire: policy of minimum governmental interference in the economic affairs -
Chinese Exclusion Act
prohibited immigration of skilled or unskilled Chinese laborers, first US national immigration act -
Pendleton Civil Service Act
awarded government jobs based on merit -
Interstate Commerce Act
ensure railroad set “reasonable and just” rate and the first time government stepped in to regulate business -
Dawes Act
gave individual ownership of land to native Americans instead of the tribe owning things collectively -
Hull House founded, first of many settlement houses
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Sherman Antitrust Act
outlawed business monopolies -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
outlawed trusts to promote economic fairness -
Period: to
The Progressive Era
Muckrakers-reform-minded journalists who exposed established institutions and leaders as corrupt
Initiative-voters can adopt a change in law, Referendum-disapprove a law passed by the Legislature, Recall-or remove an elected official from office
The Great Migration-African Americans moved from rural South to large city North & West
NAACP-National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Immigration Issues (Assimilation and Nativism) -
Period: to
Klondike Gold Rush (Alaska)
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Plessy v. Ferguson
legalized segregation, established “separate but equal” -
USS Maine explodes off the coast of Cuba, starting the Spanish American War
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Hawaii is annexed as a territory of the United States
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Period: to
Imperialism
Theodore Roosevelt: American statesman, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer, who served as the 26th president of the United States from 1901 to 1909.
Rough Riders: a nickname given to the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry, one of three such regiments raised in 1898 for the Spanish–American War and the only one to see combat.
Foreign Policy
Immigration Quotas
Yellow Journalism: journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration. -
Open Door Policy
initiated free trade with China -
Roosevelt Corollary
an addition to the Monroe Doctrine -
Period: to
Panama Canal Built
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The Jungle by Upton Sinclair is published
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Meat Inspection Act
law that makes it illegal to adulterate or misbrand meat -
Pure Food and Drug Act
regulation of the preparation of foods and the sale of medicines -
NAACP Founded
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Dollar Diplomacy
Taft’s policy of paying for peace in Latin America -
16th Amendment
established the federal income tax -
17th Amendment
direct election of U.S. Senators -
Federal Reserve Act
established the Federal Reserve, which helped stabilize the banking industry -
Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated, starting World War I
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Period: to
World War I
Alvin York: one of the most decorated United States Army soldiers of World War I.
Homefront: The civilian sphere as opposed to the military; or specifically, the civilian sphere which supports a military effort.
M.A.I.N. (Causes of WWI): militarism, alliances, imperialism and nationalism.
Sussex Pledge: merchant ships would be searched, and sunk only if they were found to be carrying contraband materials.
American Expeditionary Forces: the United States troops sent to Europe in World War I. -
Sinking of the Lusitania
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National Parks System created
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Zimmerman Telegram intercepted by the British, warned the U.S. of a proposed ally between Mexico and Germany
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The United States enters WWI on the Allied side
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Bolshevik Revolution in Russia begins, causing Russian troops to exit the war
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Battle of Argonne Forest, considered the turning point of the war
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Germany surrenders to the Allied Powers
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President Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points
statement of principles for peace after World War I, included no colonialism, freedom of the seas, and a League of Nations -
Treaty of Versailles
peace treaty that ended World War I, required Germany to accept full blame and pay war reparations as well as demilitarize -
18th Amendment
prohibition is enacted and alcohol is illegal -
Period: to
Roaring Twenties
Social Darwinism: Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection was used to justify certain political, social, or economic views.
The Red Scare: when everyone was so caught up in containment of communism, & investigated people for communism.
Assembly Line
Return to Normalcy: U.S. presidential candidate Warren G. Harding's campaign promise in the election of 1920.
Harlem Renaissance: intellectual & cultural revival of African American arts & etc. in Harlem, New York City. -
19th Amendment
women are given the right to vote -
Teapot Dome Scandal uncovered by the Wall Street Journal
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American Indian Citizenship Act
granted citizenship to any Native Americans born within the United States -
Scopes Monkey Trial
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Charles Lindbergh makes history by making a nonstop solo flight from New York to Paris
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Stock Market Crash
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Period: to
Great Depression
Hoovervilles: shanty towns built during Great Depression by homeless
The New Deal: programs, public work projects, financial reforms, & regulations by FDR.
Causes of the Great Depression (5): Stock market crash of 1929, Banking panics, monetary contraction, gold standard, less international lending & tariffs.
Court Packing: changing the #/composition of judges on court, making it more favorable to particular goals/ideologies.
Eleanor Roosevelt: 1st Chair of the Commission on Human Rights. -
Period: to
Dust Bowl
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Franklin D. Roosevelt elected
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Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) established
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Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) established
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20th Amendment
adjusted the dates of the presidential terms -
21st Amendment
repeals the 18th Amendment and prohibition ends -
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) established
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Works Progress Administration (WPA) established
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Social Security Act
established the Social Security Administration, which provides unemployment insurance, aid to the disabled, old age pensions, and insurance for families -
Adolf Hitler invades Poland, starting WWII
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Period: to
World War II
Island Hopping-Allies Pacific War military strategy
Liberation of Concentration Camps
Dwight Eisenhower-oversaw invasions N. Africa, Sicily, Fra. & Ger.
Douglas MacArthur-Gen. SW Pacific.
Chester W. Nimitz-commander Pacific Fleet
Navajo Code Talkers-native language codes radio messages.
Tuskegee Airmen-Afro-Amer. military pilots group
Flying Tigers-AVG of Rep. of China Air Force
The Manhattan Project-code name develop atomic weapon.
Rosie the Riveter-campaign recruit female workers defense ind. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
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Battle of Midway
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Bataan Death March
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Executive Order 9066
incarceration of Japanese Americans for the duration of WWII -
“D-Day” - Invasion of Normandy
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G.I. Bill
gives military veterans financial and educational benefits -
United Nations formed
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The atomic bomb, “Little Boy” is dropped in Hiroshima, Japan (August 6)
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The atomic bomb, “Fat Man” is dropped in Nagasaki, Japan, ending World War II (August 9)
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United Nations formed
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Period: to
Early Cold War
Containment- containing communism
Arms Race/Space Race- competition for supremacy in nuclear warfare between the U.S. & the Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics- The USSR
Communism- society where all property is publicly owned
Domino Theory- political event in one country -
Truman Doctrine
U.S. policy that gave military and economic aid to countries threatened by communism -
22nd Amendment
prohibits anyone who has been elected president twice from being elected again -
Berlin Airlift
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Marshall Plan
program to help European countries rebuild after World War II -
NATO established
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Sweatt v. Painter
ruled the separate law school at the University of Texas failed to qualify as “separate but equal” -
Period: to
Civil Rights Era
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Period: to
Korean War
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Rosenbergs trial
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First H-Bomb detonated by the United States
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Hernandez v. Texas
Mexican Americans and all other races provided equal protection under the 14th Amendment -
Period: to
Vietnam War
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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and mandated desegregation -
Jonas Salk invents the Polio Vaccine
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Period: to
Montgomery Bus Boycott after Rosa Parks’ arrest
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Interstate Highway Act
authorized the building of a national highway system -
USSR launches Sputnik
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Little Rock Nine integrated into an all-white school in Little Rock, AK
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Bay of Pigs Invasion in Cuba
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Berlin Wall built to prevent people from leaving communist East Berlin
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream Speech” at the March on Washington
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John F. Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, TX
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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
begins undeclared war in Vietnam -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Made discrimination based on race, religion, or national origin in public places illegal and required employers to hire on an equal opportunity basis -
24th Amendment
Abolishes the poll tax -
Medicare and Medicaid established
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
Eliminated literacy tests for voters -
Tet Offensive
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Martin Luther King is assassinated
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Civil Rights Act of 1968
prohibited discrimination in the sale or rental of housing -
First Man on the Moon
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Tinker v. Des Moines
defined the First Amendment rights for students in the United States Public Schools -
Kent State University shooting
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Period: to
End of the Cold War
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Pentagon Papers leaked
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26th Amendment
moved the voting age from 21 years old to 18 years old -
Title IX
protects people from discrimination based on gender in education programs -
War Powers Act
law limited the President’s right to send troops to battle without Congressional approval -
Watergate Scandal, which leads to Nixon’s Resignation
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Fall of Saigon, marks the end of the Vietnam War
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Camp David Accords
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Three Mile Island Disaster
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Period: to
Iran Hostage Crisis
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Period: to
Iran Contra Affair
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Period: to
1990s-21st Century
Barack Obama: 1st African American elected Pres.
al-Qaeda: international terrorist group committed to opposing foreign power and what it sees as corrupt Islamic regimes
No Child Left Behind: provides money assistance for poor children to improve their academic progress
President Clinton’s Impeachment
Presidential Election of 2000 -
Period: to
Persian Gulf War (Operation Desert Storm)
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Fall of the USSR - Official end of the Cold War
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NAFTA created free trade between Mexico, the United States, and Canada
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Attack on World Trade Center and Pentagon
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USA PATRIOT Act
tightened the national security, particularly as it was related to foreign terrorism -
Hurricane Katrina