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industrial revolution
*The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.
*This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, improved efficiency of water power, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.
*It also included the change from wood and other bio-fuels to coal. -
Amendment
*An amendment is a formal or official change made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document.
*It is based on the verb to amend, which means to change. Amendments can add, remove, or update parts of these agreements.
*They are often used when it is better to change the document than to write a new one. -
Missouri Compromise
*The Missouri Compromise was an effort by Congress to defuse the sectional and political rivalries triggered by the request of Missouri late in 1819 for admission as a state in which slavery would be permitted.
*The Missouri Compromise was a United States federal statute devised by Henry Clay.
*It regulated slavery in the country's western territories by prohibiting the practice in the former Louis. -
spoils system
*In the politics of the United States, a spoils system is a practice in which a political party, after winning an election, gives government jobs to its supporters, friends and relatives as a reward for working toward victory, and as an incentive to keep working for the party.
*As opposed to a merit system, where offices are awarded on the basis of some measure of merit, independent of political activity.
*The term was derived from the phrase "to the victor belong -
manifest destiny
*Manifest Destiny is a term for the attitude prevalent during the 19th century period of American expansion that the United States not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast.
*This attitude helped fuel western settlement, Native American removal and war with Mexico.
*The phrase was first employed by John L. O’Sullivan in an article on Texas published in the July-August 1845. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
*The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opening new lands for settlement, and had the effect of repealing the Missouri Compromise of 1820 by allowing white male settlers in those territories to determine through popular sovereignty whether they would allow slavery within each territory.*Created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opening new lands for settlement, and had the effect of repealing the Missouri Compromise of 1820. -
anaconda plan
*The Andaconda Plan is the name applied to an outline strategy for suppressing the Confederacy at the beginning of the American Civil War.
*Proposed by General-in-Chief Winfield Scott, the plan emphasized the blockade of the Southern ports, and called for an advance down the Mississippi River to cut the South in two. *Because the blockade would be rather passive, it was widely derided by the vociferous faction who wanted a more vigorous prosecution of the war. -
emancipation proclamation
*The Emancipation Proclamation was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863.
*In a single stroke, it changed the federal legal status of more than 3 million enslaved persons in the designated areas of the South from "slave" to "free".
*It had the practical effect that as soon as a slave escaped the control of the Confederate government, by running away or through advances of federal troops. -
shermans march
*From November 15 until December 21, 1864, Union General William T. Sherman led some 60,000 soldiers on a 285-mile march from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia.
*The purpose of this “March to the Sea” was to frighten Georgia’s civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause.
*Sherman’s soldiers did not destroy any of the towns in their path, but they stole food and livestock and burned the houses and barns of people who tried to fight back. -
Lincoln Assassination
*On April 14, 1865, John Wilkes Booth, a famous actor and Confederate sympathizer, fatally shot President Abraham Lincoln at a play at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C.
*The attack came only five days after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his massive army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the American Civil War.
*Abraham Lincoln’s killer, John Wilkes Booth, was a Maryland native born in 1838
