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Monroe Doctrine
Principal US policy, this was originated by James Monroe. Stating that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against US.The Monroe Doctrine was invoked in 1865 when the U.S. government exerted diplomatic and military pressure in support of the Mexican President Benito Juárez. This support enabled Juárez to lead a successful revolt against the Emperor Maximilian, who had been placed on the throne by the French government. -
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Nativism
Nativism, in general, refers to a policy or belief that protects or favors the interest of the native population of a country over the interests of immigrants. In the United States, greatest nativist sentiment coincided with the great waves of 19th-century European immigration on the East Coast and, to a lesser extent, with the arrival of Chinese immigrants on the West Coast.Nineteenth-century nativism in the United States contained a strong anti-Catholic strain. -
Bessemer Process
This was the process of steel-making. In which carbon, silicon and other impurities are removed from molten pig iron by oxidation.The Bessemer converter is a cylindrical steel pot approximately 6 m (20 feet) high, originally lined with a siliceous refractory. Air is blown in through openings tuyeres near the bottom, creating oxides of silicon and manganese, which become part of the slag, and of carbon, which are carried out in the stream of air. -
Immigration and the American Dream
Immigrants coming to America because they wanted to pursue the American Dream. Which was in search for a better life, equal rights, and to live a good happy wealthy life. America offered more opportunities than other countries and these were the opportunities immigrants wanted as well. To get a home, make money, to simply be able to care for their little ones as well. They wanted to be apart of the American Dream as well as every other human did. -
Theodore Roosevelt
Roosevelt came from a wealthy New York family.He won the nobel prize for bringing peace in 1906 for meditating an end to Russo Japanese War.he became a Police Commissioner of New York city. He became President after President William McKinley was assassinated in Buffalo, NY. the 26th president -
Indian Removal
a policy of the United States government in the 19th century whereby Native Americans were forcibly removed from their ancestral homelands in the eastern United States to lands west of the Mississippi River, thereafter known as Indian Territory. President Andrew jackson encouraged Congress to adopt the indian removal in 1830. -
Homestead act
encouraged Western migration by providing settlers 160 acres of public land. In exchange, homesteaders paid a small filing fee and were required to complete five years of continuous residence before receiving ownership of the land. After six months of residency, homesteaders also had the option of purchasing the land from the government for $1.25 per acre. The Homestead Act led to the distribution of 80 million acres of public land by 1900. -
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Industrialization
This was the process in which the economy is transformed from primarily agricultural to another one based on manufacturing goods. Manual labor replaced by mechanized mass production. Craftsman replaced by assembly lines.Railroads encouraged the growth of American industry. They linked the nation and increased the size of markets. The railroad industry stimulated the economy by spending large amounts of money on steel, coal, and timber -
Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony was a prominent reformer that tried to vote in Rochester, New York, where she was citizen and had the right under the fourteenth Amendment. A judge refused to grant her the right to vote. Later in 1874 the Supreme Court ruled that even though women were citizens they could not vote. -
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Social Gospel Act
religious social-reform movement prominent in the United States from about 1870 to 1920. Advocates of the movement interpreted the Kingdom of God as requiring social as well as individual salvation and sought the betterment of industrialized society through application of the biblical principles of charity and justice. The Social Gospel was especially promulgated among liberal Protestant ministers. -
Initiative and Referendum
These are two powers reserve to enable to voters by petition, to propose or repeal legislation or to also remove elected official from office.a process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballota general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision. -
Robber Barons
was a tactic used by businessmen to get richer in the late 19th century along with other methods. Many of the men gained the fortunes at expenses at their factory or methods that were considered unscrupulous.Some of the Men gave their fortunes away to build universities,libraries,hospitals and museums that are still in America today. -
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The Gilided Age
he growth of industry and a wave of immigrants marked this period in American history. The production of iron and steel rose dramatically and western resources like lumber, gold, and silver increased the demand for improved transportation. Railroad development boomed as trains moved goods from the resource-rich West to the East. Steel and oil were in great demand. All this industry produced a lot of wealth for a number of businessmen like John D. Rockefeller (in oil) and Andrew Carnegie in steel -
Populism
This was a founded political party by farmers, laborers, and middle class activists. They came together to protect their interests.Populists focused on economic system, and is also socially conservative. Populist fused with democrats in different states and elect several members to congress.later Populist were embraced by the Progressive party -
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
One of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in the US history. the Chinese were drawn to the West Coast as a center of economic opportunity where, for example, they helped build the first transcontinental railroad by working on the Central Pacific from 1864 to 1869. The Chinese Exclusion Act foreshadowed the immigration-restriction acts of the 1920. -
Clarence Darrow
Darrow started working with the American Federation of Labor.Darrow attended law school for only one year before being admitted to the Ohio bar in 1878. He moved to Chicago in 1887 and immediately took part in attempts to free the anarchists charged with murder in the Haymarket Riot -
Haymaker Riot
At Haymarket Square in Chicago, Illinois, a bomb is thrown at a squad of policemen attempting to break up a labor rally. The police responded with wild gunfire, killing several people in the crowd and injuring dozens more.The demonstration, which drew some 1,500 Chicago workers, was organized by German-born labor radicals in protest of the killing of a striker by the Chicago police the day before. -
Dawes Act
The Dawes Act of 1887 authorized the federal government to break up tribal lands by partitioning them into individual plots. Only those Native American Indians who accepted the individual allotments were allowed to become US citizens.he original supporters of the act were genuinely interested in the welfare of the Indians, but there were not enough votes in Congress to pass it until it was amended to provide that any land remaining. -
jane addams
She was one of the co-founders that started the settlement houses in the harsh neighborhoods also name co-winner of the nobel prize.The Settlement house was a all purpose community for poor people living in crowded neighborhoods called the Hull House. Settlement house provided nursing services, child care, and english lessons to immigrants. -
Ida B Wells
Lynching was used to terrorize African Americans, especially those in the South. Lynching is murder by hanging someone. Once three of Ida B. Wells friends were lynched for a crime they did not commit, she decided to organize a national anti-lynching crusade. She researched and found that 728 African Americans had been lynched in decade before. -
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Progressivism
this represents how fast the advancement in science, technology, economic development, and social organization are vital to improve the human condition.Progressivism began as a social movement and ended as a political movement. Progressivism ended with WW1when the horrors of war exposed people's cruelty. -
Eugene V. Debs
Eugene Debs started the American Railway Union in 1893.He was a labour organizer and socialist party candidate five times for the United States President. He was the leader of the Pullman strike -
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Yellow Journalism
Yellow journalism was a style of newspaper reporting that emphasized sensationalism over facts. During its heyday in the late 19th century it was one of many factors that helped push the United States and Spain into war in Cuba and the Philippines, leading to the acquisition of overseas territory by the United States.The term originated in the competition over the New York City newspaper market between major newspaper publishers Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst. -
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan was nominated for president after he delivered a speech at the convention. He was nominated by the Democratic party. Bryan's "Cross Of Gold" speech praised farmers and denounced bankers for "crucifying mankind on a cross of gold". -
klondike gold rush
Yukon-area Indians Skookum Jim Mason and Tagish Charlie, along with Seattleite George Carmack found gold in Rabbit Creek, near Dawson, in the Yukon region of Canada. The creek was promptly renamed Bonanza Creek, and many of the locals started staking claims. Gold was literally found all over the place, and most of these early stakeholders (who became known as the "Klondike Kings") became wealthy.when gold was discovered at Nome, Alaska -
Andrew Carneige
He was american Scottish. He invested in oilfield but stopped because he thought he could make more money.by the age of 38 he began concentrating on steel because he believe that it would be a high demand during that time period.he had a job on the Pennsylvania railroad but left that job to manage Keystone Bridge Company that later became Carnegie's steel Company. by 1900 Carnegie's profits increased dramatically -
Urbanization
Urbanization was a movement of people from countryside to cities. Many problems were brought because of urbanization for example crowded tenements, pollution, inability to supply police, hospitals, schools, and clean streets as well. -
Upton Sinclair
Upton Sinclair was an American author who wrote close to one hundred books in many genres. Upton Sinclair made a novel called the jungle and in this novel he described the unsanitary practices of the meat packing industry. -
Muckrakers
Muckraker, any of a group of American writers identified with pre-World War I reform and exposé literature. The muckrakers provided detailed, accurate journalistic accounts of the political and economic corruption and social hardships caused by the power of big business in a rapidly industrializing United States. The name muckraker was pejorative when used by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt in his speech of April 14, 1906 -
pure food and drug act
The passage of regulatory legislation came only after two decades of wrangling and congressional opposition to federal regulation of food and drugs. Three political forces converged to force food and drug regulation onto the congressional agenda. First, consumer movements dominated by highly organized women activists put pressure on legislators to satisfy public wishes. The decades-long struggle for a law was actively supported by the General Federation of Women's Clubs. -
Dollar Diplomacy
to further its aims in Latin America and East Asia through use of its economic power by guaranteeing loans made to foreign countries.a corporate lawyer who had founded the giant conglomerate U.S. Steel, that the goal of diplomacy was to create stability and order abroad that would best promote American commercial interests.Dollar diplomacy failed to counteract economic instability and the tide of revolution in places like Mexico, the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, and China. -
recall
a procedure that allows citizens to remove and replace a public official before the end of a term of office.To recall an elected officer is difficult at best. Many notices of intent to circulate recall petitions have been filed to initiate recall elections, but usually insufficient signatures are collected to qualify the petitions for election. Between 1993 and 2004, 108 notices of recall were filed with the secretary of state. -
Federal Reserve Act
The Federal Reserve Act, signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson, gave the 12 Federal Reserve banks the ability to print money in order to ensure economic stability. More specifically, the Federal Reserve System created the dual mandate to maximize employment and keep inflation low. In addition to printing money, the Fed received the power to adjust the discount rate/the fed funds rate and buy and sell U.S. treasuries. -
16th Amendment
This Amendment established congress's right to impose Federal (United States government) to collect income tax from all Americans. The income tax from Americans helps Government to keep an army, build buildings, bridges, roads, enforce laws, and carry out other important duties as well. -
17th amendment
The 17th amendment provides for regular voters to elect their Senators. The reason for this is simple, when we look at the process to become a Senator in 1912.
The problem with letting representatives choose representatives is corruption. Corruption is breaking the law to get favors or better treatment for yourself or someone else. Many of the Senators that were elected by the state legislatures had struck corrupt bargains with the legislature. -
18th Amendments
This Amendment banned the sale and drinking of Alcohol in 1919 and became a huge fail. People still found a way to get alcohol and criminals were making a lot of money by selling this alcohol to the people. Today we call the period that the 18th amendment was the law of prohibition. -
19th amendment
The 19th amendment guarantees all American women the right to vote. Achieving this milestone required a lengthy and difficult struggle; victory took decades of agitation and protest. Beginning in the mid-19th century, several generations of woman suffrage supporters lectured, wrote, marched, lobbied, and practiced civil disobedience to achieve what many Americans considered a radical change of the Constitution. Few early supporters lived to see final victory in 1920. -
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Tea Pot Dome Scandal
A secretary interior from one cabinet member leased oil-rich government lands at the Tea pot Dome, in Wyoming, to two business friends of his for exchange of personal bribes. The Tea Pot Dome Scandal was uncovered after the death of Harding in 1923, this was one of the most worst Scandals in the United States history. -
Manifest Destiny
During the 19th century period of the American expansion was that the United States not only was possible but that it was destined to stretch from coast to coast. Helped fuel western settlement, native american removal and as well with war with Mexico.People wanted to go to a new world because they hear it was very special and it could cure anything
