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Great Depression
The Great Depression happened from the United States market crashing, banks having to shut down, manufactoring demand becoming higher, and reduction in spending. It caused unemployment, poverty, debt, and starvation around the world. It also had long-term impacts on the future as nations had to recover their economy to protect themselves and weakened alliance due to that. It contributed to war breaking out as many nations did not recover from economic debt and didn't do anything about Hitler. -
Manchurian Crisis
Japan tried to gain control over Manchuria which was part of China. Japan used a railway bombing as an excuse for the invasion. The League of Nations demanded Japan to leave, and Japan simply left the League and continuted occupying. This is an example of the League failing to keep peace as they had no control over Japan since it was not a member, leading to conflict and tension between Japan and China. -
Remilitarization of the Rhineland
Germany sent military forces into the Rhineland which had previously been demilitarized by the Treaty of Versailles. It clearly went again the treaty's terms and other agreements previously made. Germany was able to strengthen its military, expand influence, and allow further aggression due to Hitler's idea that Britain and France would not get involved. It showed results of Britain and France's appeasement policy, Hitler believed he could do anything he wanted for power without consequence. -
Spanish Civil War
Rebellion lead to war against the newer Spain republican government. Republicans were fighting against Nationalists and many other leftist groups. Francisco Franco won the war and ran dictatorship till his death. It helped lead to war breaking out in 1939 as it created further conflict between European powers and enabled Gerany and Italy to support Franco's forces in preparation for future. -
Rome-Berlin Axis
Italian and German political and military alliance from the leaders Mussolini and Hitler. It helped them grow in power, and lead in mutual interests and cooperation. They ended up with military cooperation in WWII. This was the rise of extremism and aggressive foreign policies. It encouraged war break out as Mussolini's ambitions for expansion increased, and enabled Hitler with a powerful ally. -
Anti-Comintern Pact
Germany and Japan alliance which was against the spread of communism. It grew among multiple nations like Italy, bonding over a shared anti-communist view. It was also against the Allied powers during the war. Britain and France took no action and continued their appeasement policy to avoid war, which led to WWII. -
Anglo-French guarantee of Poland
A guarantee that Britain and France would protect Poland against aggression. This was to prove they would finally do something instead of appeasement, which Hitler still did not believe. It ended up not being a true agreement since Poland turned to them as well as the League, but gained ni support. This caused further tension and war outbreak due to their promise not being kept. They realized something had to be done. -
Britain and France declare war on Germany
Britain and France declared war due to German invasion to Poland. They had pledged support, and although previous appeasement, they had decided to intervene. They stopped further aggression by declaring war. World War II happened as many major powers started to join years later for various reasons like economically or political views. -
Nazi-Soviet Pact
An agreement between Germany and Soviet Russia. Soviet Russia would not intervene with Germany attacking Poland and expanding their territories. Russia would be getting parts of land back in return. This pact led to war breaking out as Soviet Russia ruined Britain and France's plan to defeat Hitler. Russia sided with Hitler instead. -
Germany invades Poland
Germany invaded Poland which violated international agreements and was seen as them attempting to take over the world. They were already very powerful and wanted more territory and claims as they believed Britain and France would not do anything. It lead to war happening because it was the main cause as France declared war on Germany. It made the outcome and effects of Britain and France's appeasement policy unbearable as they had to stop being weak and take action.