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House Un-American Activities Committee ( HUAC )
An investigative committee of the US House of Representatives created in 1938 to inquire into rebellious activities in the US ( it was abolished in 1975)
-In the mid 1940's the committee focused it's investigations on searching for communists in the US
-Most famous for investigating Alger Hiss and for the " blacklisting " of many Hollywood actors
-Often inaccurately associated with Joseph McCarthy who was a Senator ( not a member of the House ) -
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Second Great Migration
migration of 5 million Africans Americans from South and from the north to the Midwest and west
-Africanot American motion discrimination and jobs in the defense industry they went to cities like Los Angeles Oakland and Long Beach -
G.I Bill established
Wanted to create benefits and jobs for soldiers coming back from WW2
-Benefits: low cost mortgage start up loans for businesses low interest loans payed soldiers to go to college
-Economy: was greatly improving in the US with the help of the G.I Bill -
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arms race
major super-powers United States of America Great Britain and the Soviet Union and France
-details :both countries have nuclear weapons and was creating more to be to = each other civilian response to school it's made the students practice Duck and Cover in school to protect from falling Derbies and the bomb shelters was there to protect people from missiles mutually assured destruction have enough to destroy your country and every other country in the world -
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baby boom
an increase of am population occurred after World War II and the Korean War
-by the end of the 1940 3.4 million babies were born
-war stricken men wanted to see their wives and tried taking life now wanted to create night after the war in marriages and general Prosperity came a demand for housing Federal Highway construction new Industries and increase military spending also would help create jobs -
Truman Doctrine
-Purpose: the US made the policy to help stop the spread of a communism and keep communism contained
-was created to free a smaller country from a bigger force (communist)
-Containment policy: Is to stop the spread of communism to other countries
-domino theory: If one state came under communism the rest would follow -
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Cold War
Cold War started with the Truman Doctrine and ended with the fall of the Berlin Wall -
Marshall Plan
-In 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall proposed an economic program to contain Communism
-His Marshall Plan supported economic aid to Europe and granted increased trade between the United States and European nations
-Marshall received the 1953 Nobel Peace Prize for the plan -
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Berlin Airlift
during the Communist blockade of West Berlin British and US plane flew humanitarian supplies and to Berlin for nearly a year actions American and British flew over 2,000 and 47000 tons of Necessities to the people of West Berlin Berlin airlift brought the embarrassment to the Soviets May 1949 and resulted in the creation of two separate German states -
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
-purpose:Safeguard the freedom and security of its members to the political and Military means
-why it was created:protect each other from the Soviet Union members: US, UK ,Canada and 9 other western European countries
-stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
-Soviet response they tried to expand and made the Warsaw Pact ( defense treaty among eight Communist States) -
Air Conditioning (man-made weather)
-modern AC invented in 1902 but not put to widespread use until after WW2
-Used first in the theater in the South
-Use old TV AC and cars killed the use of front porch Gatherings and drove up the use of electricity
-jobs and people migrate to the South because of the use of AC (people can escape the Southern heat )
-with more jobs and people in the South AC help boost the economy -
rock and roll
A form of popular music that evolved in the 1950's from rhythm and blues characterized by the use of electric guitars a strong rhythm with an accent on the offbeat and youth oriented with lyrics it characterized a generational decide between youths and adults -
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KoreanWar
causes: after World War II communist North Korea invaded South Korea United States fighting in the Soviet in Korea
Results treaty divided the peninsula along the 38th parallel with North Korea turn communist cease fire today is the most guarded borders Truman Doctrine stop the spread of other countries helping South Korea falls under the Truman Doctrine because America help contain Communism from going to south Korea or 38 parallel -
Senate hearings led by Joseph McCarthy
Red scare 2 also McCarthyism
-term coined by political cartoonist herblock in the 1950 cartoon in reference to senator Joseph McCarthy
-The fear of communism a second Red Scare increase throughout the 1950s extreme opposition to communism gained the name McCarthyism from the efforts senator McCarthy in 1950 announced that Communists worked in the state department
-He identify know communists and accused others due to 1000 falsely accused he lost the senators race -
Sputnik launch (RUSSIA)
-Important to the US: Sputnik launch ignites US
-Soviet space race president of the US
-Dwight Eisenhower (WW2 General) head of Soviet Union : Nikita Kruchev -
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space race
what it was :national security reasons and symbolism begin with the launch of the Sputnik response to Sputnik America try to get the first man on the moon and beat the Soviet Union and the Space Race effect on education and Technology people were more interested in learning about space and going to space technology American-made better and safer rockets for Crews led to the creation of NASA -
creation of NASA
importance of the US was the first space program made by the US after Russia launched the first spacecraft US also punched for more Math and Science Education and President Eisenhower -
Berlin Wall
-In 1961 the Sovietbacked the East German government gdr begin constructing a fence to Halt the flow of human resources from the East to the West
-The why was the symbol of the division of east and west for the remainder of the Cold War until it was taken down in 1989
-Iron curtain: free fuse by Winston Churchill to describe division of Europe between communist and Democratic ions -
President Kennedy Moon speech
we choose to go to the Moon speech meant to persuade the American people support the effort of NASA to send a manned space flight to the Moon -
Cuban Missile Crisis
-During the October 1962 crisis President John Friday Kennedy warned Soviet leader Nikita khrushchev that an attack launched on the United States from misales based in Cuba would be considered an attack from the Soviet Union
-In 1963 Kennedy secured a nuclear test-ban treaty with the soviets
-Direct communication between the white house and the Kremlin was enacted so the nation's leaders could communicate in times of crisis -
friendship 7
importance to America first successful attempted by NASA to place an astronaut in space people John Glenn