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Dwight D. Eisenhower
Dwight D. Eisenhower was elected the 34th president of the United States on January 20th, 1953. He brought peace along the border of South Korea with the signing of a truce in 1953. In the election of 1956, Eisenhower was elected to a 2nd term. He wanted to keep a good military and maintain world peace. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/dwightdeisenhower
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Brown vs Board of Education
This case decided whether or not laws of segregation in schools were constitutional. This officially went against the "separate but equal" ruling.http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/brown/
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The Murder of Emmett Till
The murder of Emmett Till helped the Civil Rights Movement gain attention. His story became a famous example of a racist murder. His brutal murder and the surrounding publicity helped to start the main part of the Civil Rights Movement.http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/early-civilrights/emmett.html
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Interstate Highway System
The Federal-Aid Highway Act created the Interstate Highway Sysytem. The I-70 in Kansas was the longest continuous segment of Interstate highway to be completed in any state. american-business.org
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
Started by Rosa Parks refusing to give up her seat the Montgomery Bus Boycott was a 13-month protest that ended with the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional.http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/civilrights-55-65/montbus.html
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Peace Corps
President Kennedy sought to encourage many different cultures come together, through the Peace Corps. Getting almost 25,000 responses, Kennedy made his promise a reality.http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/Peace-Corps.aspx
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Bay of Pigs
In Cuba's Bay of Pigs, 1,200 missiles from Cuba were landed under Kennedy's presidency. Kennedy would not help the invasion when they met Castro's troops. Castro's troops crushed them and JFK assumed full responsibility for the failure, which won back the trust of the American people.http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/The-Bay-of-Pigs.aspx
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Cuban Missile Crisis
Photographs of American spy planes revealed that the U.S.S.R. were installing nuclear missles in Cuba. The Soviets evidently intended to use these missiles to protect Castro and to blackmail US into backing down in Berlin and other spots. Kennedy ordered a naval blockade of Cuba demanding immediate removal of the missles. Any attack would result in a war with Russia.http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/Cuban-Missile-Crisis.aspx
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End of the Cuban Missile Crisis
The U.S.S.R. decided to finally back down and took out the missiles from Cuba. The U.S., in return, agreed to end the blockade and not invade Cuba. Kennedy encouraged citizens to think of Russia as a peaceful country.http://library.thinkquest.org/11046/days/conclusion.html
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John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy was elected the 35th President of the United States on January 20th, 1963. As President, JFK was a great equal rights activist, calling for new civil rights legislation, The Cuban Missile Crisis took place while Kennedy was in office, Kennedy had the world on the brink of nuclear war but eventually convinced the Russians to backdown. On November 22nd, 1963.http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnfkennedy
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Birmingham Desegregation Campaign
Martin Luther King joined with Birmingham in a massive direct action campaign to attack the city’s segregation system by putting pressure on Birmingham's merchants during Easter. On April 12, King was arrested in Birmingham after violating the anti-protest injunction.http://www.xtimeline.com/evt/view.aspx?id=55952
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March on Washington
The March on Washington was partly credited with winning the passage of the Civil Rights Act. It was the largest public protest in the history of the nation, with over 250,000 people dispersed in Washington, D.C.http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aah/march-washington-jobs-and-freedom-august-28-1963
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Assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem
When Ngo Dinh Diem, the president of South Vietnam, was arrested and assassinated it marked the beginning of a successful CIA-based plan led by General Durong Van Minh. Angered by nine years of family rule, many protestors wanted change in government rule.http://vietnamwarproject1961-1969.wikispaces.com/Overthrow+of+Diem
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Lyndon B. Johnson
Johnson became the 36th President of the United States when JFK was assassinated. Johnson was an in-your-face, finger-in-your-chest kind of person. His Great Society plan aided education, attack on disease, Medicare, urban renewal, beautification, and conservation, along with many other things. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/lyndonbjohnson
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Malcolm X
Popular cvil rights leader, Malcolm X, believed in violence, compared to Martin Luther King, Jr's non-violent ways. He was a member of the Nation of Islam. In 1963, the U.S. State and Justice Departments took notice of his influence on African leaders at the U.N. In 1965, he was assassinated.http://college.cengage.com/history/ayers_primary_sources/malcolm_x_washington_1964.htm
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Mississippi Freedom Summer
The Mississippi Freedom Summer was organized with the help of the NAACP, SNCC, and was directed by Robert Moses. The main goal was to get more African-Americans registered to vote. Over eight hundred members went to volunteer at the Freedom Summer campaign.http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_freedom_summer_1964/
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Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 makes it illegal for employers to discriminate against someone on the bases of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex in any aspect of employment.http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act/
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The Gulf of Tonkin Incident
The Gulf of Tonkin Incident involved two separate confrontations, one actual and one false, involving North Vietnam and the United States in the waters of the Gulf of Tonkin. http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-m/dd731-k.htm
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Economic Opportunity Act
The economic opportunity act had many social programs that promoted health, education, and general welfare of the poor community. The act also promoted President Johnson's Great Society, which is what he was known for.http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/178451/Economic-Opportunity-Act
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Black Opposition in Vietnam
Black Americans never had a race-wide consensus about the Vietnam War. The young men facing the draft, and many of those who served in Vietnam did oppose the war, but many didn't.http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/stevens/africanamer.htm
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Battle of la Drang
The Battle of la Drang was the first large scale conventional battle between US Army regulars and NVA regulars. The La Drang valley battle demonstrated to the North Vietnam Army that they should not attack US troops in even unprepared positions if US air support, artillery, and reinforcements were available.http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/vietnamwar/p/Vietnam-War-Battle-Of-Ia-Drang.htm
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Loving vs Virginia
The Supreme Court ruled, in the Loving vs Virginia case that prohibiting interracial marriage is unconstitutional. Sixteen states that still banned interracial marriage at the time were forced to revise their laws. Loving vs. Virginia protected the right for men and women to get married. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2036448_2036452_2036634,00.html
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Tet Offensive
1,000 Viet Cong troops attack the city of Saigon. The Communist troops capture the Citadel at Hue and seize part of the US embassy in Saigon. It took nearly two weeks to get the Viet Cong troops out of the city. The attack was a military disaster and the communists lost 10,000 troops. http://history1900s.about.com/od/1960s/qt/tetoffensive.htm
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Richard M. Nixon
Nixon became the 37th President of the US on January 20th, 1969. His achievements in office included easing tensions between the Soviet Union and China, revenue sharing, the end of the draft, new anticrime laws, and an environmental program. Nixon resigned from office following the Watergate Scandal in 1973. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/richardnixon
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Communists End Tet
Communist forces end a Tet ceasefire, with attacks on Saigon and 115 other cities. Attacks took place throughout Vietnam, killing 453 US soldiers in the first week. In Tet's aftermath, President Johnson came under fire for his Vietnam policy. http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/tet-offensive-halted
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Apollo Test Project
In 1972, Nixon approved of a cooperative program between NASA and the Soviet space program, resulting in the joint mission of an American and Soviet spacecraft linking in space; marking the end of the Space Race between the two superpowers.http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo-soyuz/
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Watergate Scandal
On September 9, 1971, Nixon's paranoia leads to his forming of the "Plumbers." They were sent to destroy Daniel Ellburg's pyschiatrist's office. Later, Nixon took it one step too far by sending five men to break into, place electronic spy "bugs" in, and destory the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate Complex. http://watergate.info/
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Gerald Ford
Ford became the 38th President of the US on August 9th, 1974 after Nixon resigned. He had to take on a depressed economy, chronic energy shortages, and had to find a way to control inflation. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/geraldford
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President Nixon Resigns
Following Watergate, President Nixon resigns because his approval rating goes down and he has lost support of his political support by his cabinet. It is the first ever resignation by a president. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/watergate/articles/080974-3.htm
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Ford Excuses Watergate
In 1974, President Ford excuses Nixon's Watergate Scandal. He wanted to pardon Nixon of all his crimes he ocmmitted when during his presidency. http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/ford-pardons-nixon
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