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Joseph Beuys born
German born Conceptualist -
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Richard Hamilton (Pop artist)
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Roy Lichtenstein (Pop artist)
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Donald Judd (Minimalist)
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Andy Warhol (Pop artist)
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Bridget Riley born
British Op artist -
Carl Andre born (age 82)
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Robert Smithson
Catalyst artist for Land Art -
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Robert Smithon
Catalyst artist for Land Art -
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World War II
The war pushed French modernists out of France for fear of persecution or in solidarity with French Jews. They went to American which became the new center for Modern art. -
Breton, Ernst and Chagall arrive in New York
The American Abstract Expressionists such as Pollock and Rothko were highly influenced by these Surrealist painters and their techniques. In this year Pollock and Rothko experiment with 'automatism' -
Japanese Bomb Pearl Harbour
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Pollock's first solo exhibition
Held at the 'Art of this Century Gallery' in New York -
Richard Long born
British Land artist -
Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima
This changed ideas about traditionalism in art. Artists began looking for a new language to express a new time -
Arshile Gorky commits suicide
As many of the Abstract Expressionists, Gorky commited suicide after a long term battle with depression -
Barnett Newman begins to make colour field paintings
Preceded Rothko in this technique -
Francis Bacon begins using photographic source material
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Influenced by a series of photographs taken by Hans Namuth of Jackson Pollock’s process
process rather than product -
Rise of McCarthyism in USA
Senator McCarthy began the investigations into alleged attempts by the Communist governments (USSR, China) to infiltrate the US government. Lead to mass fear of Communism and the Cold War. -
Exhibition: 'Abstract Painting and Sculpture in America' MOMA, New York
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Critic Harold Rosenberg coins the term 'action painting'
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Death of Henri Matisse
Originator of Fauvism and, along with Picasso, perceived to be one of the fathers of Modern Art. -
Exhibition: 'This is Tomorrow', Whitechapel Gallery, London
First exhibition of Pop Art. -
Exhibition: 'New American Painting', MOMA, New York
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Rothko creates Seagram Murals
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Fidel Castro takes over in Cuba
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Exhibition: Sixteen Americans at the MOMa
This is where Frank Stella's Black Paintings were exhibited -
Berlin wall constructed
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Lichtenstein paints works based on comic book art
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Hockney paints We Two Boys Together Clinging
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Warhol paints Marilyn Diptych
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Donald Judd 'Specific Objects' series
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President Kennedy assassinated
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Frank Stella (minimalist)
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'Op art' term coined in 'Time' magazine
The term Op art was used in ‘Time’ magazine to describe the new style of art that created optical effects -
Current - Bridget Riley
Medium: synthetic polymer paint on composition board
Dimensions: 148 cm x 149.5 cm
Location: MoMA, New York City -
First Warhol retrospective at the ICA, London
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Exhibition: The Responsive Eye, MOMA
Included works by Riley, Vasarely and Albers
Critics condemned the work for being full of gimmicky visual tricks
Due to the 1960s fashions, Op art images were popular and used in many commercial contexts e.g. print, television, advertising, graphics, fashion and interior design
However, it was never as internationally renowned/widely accepted as Pop art -
How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare
Artist viewed through gallery window
Face covered with honey and gold leaf, an iron slab attached to his boot
In his arms he cradled a dead hare, mumbling ‘explanations’ to it for drawings lining the war
Honey = production of bees, ideal society of warmth and brotherhood -
Carl Andre creates his 'Equivalents' series
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A Line Made by Walking
Early work of Land Art / Performance art -
Gilbert and George met at St Martins School of Art
artistic partnership over 4 decades -
Death of Marcel Duchamp
Conceptual artists' were highly influenced by Fountain (1917) -
Martin Luther King JR assassinated
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Earthworks exhibition at the Dwan Gallery
First exhibition of Land Art -
Singing Sculpture
Consists of artists singing along to a record of the 1930s music hall song ‘Underneath the Arches’ while standing on top of a table, wearing tweed suits and using a glove and a plastic walking stick as props. Their faces were painted bronze.
The song’s lyrics tell the story of a homeless man in london who sleeps under the arches of a railway bridge
The piece was first performed under a london railway bridge but was received as a sensation in many european cities -
Neil Armstrong first man on moon
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Spiral Jetty
Monumental work of Land art -
First Earth Day
Land art was in response to the rise of the environmentalist movement in the 1970s -
Pablo Picasso dies
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Sex Pistols first perform in London
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Vietnam War
Land Art responded to this crisis - ended 1975 -
Tate Modern buys Andre's 'Equivalents' series
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Running Fence constructed
Began planning in 1972, the work was created through huge collective efforts -
Margaret Thatcher becomes prime minister
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Donald Judd 'Untitled (Stack)'
