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Civil disobedience
Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power. -
13th amendment
abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. -
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Black Codes
These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt. -
14th amendment
citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws -
15th amendment
prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude -
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Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal" -
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Thurgood Marshall
Marshall was the Court's 96th justice and its first African-American justice. -
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Orvill Faubus
Faubus was an American politician who served as the Governor of Arkansas -
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Rosa Parks
Parks was an African-American Civil Rights activist, whom the United States Congress called "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement". -
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Hector P. Garcia
a Mexican-American physician, surgeon, World War II veteran, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum. -
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Lester Madox
Maddox was an American politician who was the 75th Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia from 1967 to 1971. Wikipedia -
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George Wallace
an American politician and the 45th Governor of Alabama -
19th amendment
prohibits any United States citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex. -
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Betty Friedan
Betty Friedan was an American writer, activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the women's movement in the United States -
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Cesar Chavez
American farm worker, labor leader and civil rights activist, who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association. -
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Martin Lurher King Jr.
Martin was an American Baptist minister, activist, humanitarian, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. -
Sharecropping/ Tenant Farming
a system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on the land. -
20th amendment
established the beginning of the terms of the President and Vice President -
Federal Housing Authority
It sets standards for construction and underwriting and insures loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building. -
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Nonvilolent Protest
The doctrine, policy, or practice of rejecting violence in favor of peaceful tactics as a means of gaining political objectives. -
Brown V. Board of Education
United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. -
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Montgomery bus boycott
a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
a voting rights bill, was the first civil rights legislation passed by Congress in the United States since the 1866 and 1875 Acts -
Lynching
Lynching is an extrajudicial punishment by an informal group. -
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Sit-ins
a form of direct action that involves one or more people occupying an area for a protest, often to promote political, social, or economic change. Protesters usually seat themselves at a strategic location -
affirmative action
the Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity and mandates that projects financed with federal funds "take affirmative action" to ensure that hiring and employment practices are free of racial bias. -
24th amendment
prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax. -
Veteran Rights of 1964
prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex and national origin -
Upward Bound
The goal of Upward Bound is to provide certain categories of high school students better opportunities for attending college -
Head Start
a program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and their families. -
26th amendment
prohibits the states and the federal government from using age as a reason for denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States who are at least eighteen years old. -
Title IX 9
"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance." -
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Desegregation
Desegregation is the process of ending the separation of two groups usually referring to races.