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Black Thursday
The first day of the worst stock market crash in U.S. history that started the Great Depression. -
The Bonus Army March
15,000 - 20,000 World War I veterans marched to the Capitol to request early payment of cash bonuses due to them in 1945. -
First election of Franklin Roosevelt
Roosevelt was elected president in November 1932, to the first of four terms. -
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First New Deal
A series of projects and programs instituted by the government aimed to restore some measure of dignity and prosperity to many Americans during the Great Depression. -
The Emergency Banking Relief Act
Bill passed during the administration of U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt in reaction to the financially adverse conditions of the Great Depression. -
Indian Reorganization Act
Also called Wheeler-Howard Act, was a measure enacted by the U.S. Congress aimed at decreasing federal control of American Indian affairs and increasing Indian self-government and responsibility. -
Start of House Un-American Activities Committee hearings
A committee of the U.S. House of Representatives investigated allegations of communist activity in the U.S. during the early years of the Cold War. -
Marian Anderson sings in Constitution Hall
Opera singer Marian Anderson was first denied the opportunity to perform in DAR Constitution Hall because of her race. After performing on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, the DAR recognized the need for change and she then sang at the Hall on a number of occasions. -
Pearl Harbor Attack
Surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on Oahu Island, Hawaii by the Japanese that precipitated the entry of the United States into World War II. -
Battle of Coral Sea
Major naval battle of World War II between the Imperial Japanese Navy and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia marked the first air-sea battle in history. -
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Battle of Midway
Six months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States defeated Japan in one of the most decisive naval battles of World War II. -
Creation of Office of War Information
Widely known as OWI, was a federal agency during World War II in charge of the dissemination of all official news in the United States and abroad and of propaganda abroad. -
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Invasion of Italy
The British 8th Army begin the Allied invasion of the Italian peninsula. On the day of the landing, the Italian government secretly agreed to the Allies' term for surrender. -
D-Day Invasion
The Allies invade Western Europe in the largest amphibious attack in history -
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Battle of Leyte Gulf
Naval battle fought in waters near the Phillippine islands of Leyte between combined American and Australian forces and the Imperial Japanese Navy. -
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Battle of the Bulge
Germans launched the last major offensive of the war as an attempt to push the Allied front line west from northern France to northwestern Belgium. -
Invasions of Iwo Jima and Okinawa
American soldiers make their first strike on the Japanese Home islands at Iwo Jima. -
Harry Truman becomes president
He was Franklin D. Roosevelt's vice president for just 82 days before Roosevelt died and he became the 33rd president. -
Creation of United Nations
Representatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco at the United Nations Conference on International Organization to draw up the United Nations Charter. -
Truman Doctrine
President Harry S. Truman established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces. -
Creation of CIA
Was created when Harry S. Truman signed the National Security Act into law due to the unforeseen attack on Pearl Harbor. -
National Security Act
Mandated a major reorganization of the foreign policy and military establishments of the U.S. Government -
Start of Berlin Blockade
An attempt by the Soviet Union to limit the ability of France, Great Britain and the United States to travel to their sectors of Berlin, which lay within Russian-occupied East Germany. -
Creation of NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was created in 1949 by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union. -
Truman's Fair Deal
President Harry S. Truman announced this plan in a speech recommending that all Americans have health insurance, that the minimum wage be increased, and that, by law, all Americans be guaranteed equal rights. -
Start of Korean War
Armed forces from communist North Korea smash into South Korea setting off the Korean War. -
Pusan Landing
During the Korean War (1950 -1953), U.S. Marines force made a surprise landing at the port of Inchon on the west coast of Korea -
End of Korean War
After three years, the United States, the People's Republic of China, North Korea, and South Korea agree to an armistice, bringing the Korean War to an end. -
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Army-McCarthy hearings
Series of hearings held by the United States Senate's subcommittee on investigations for the purpose of investigating conflicting accusations between the United States Army and Senator Joseph McCarthy.