Greece Unit Timeline

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  • 750 BCE

    Homer Works

    Homer was a wandering blind poet, who wrote the epic poems, the Lliad and The Odyssey. He wrote the epic poems in 750 BC. His story took place in ancient Greece. They were written because the stories provide insight into early human society. The epic stories, the Lliad and the the Odyssey left a huge impact, where the stories were told through Western culture.
  • 510 BCE

    Direct Democracy

    Athens, a city-state in Greece had three types of governments, before having a direct democracy. A direct democracy is when citizens, which were male voted directly whether they wanted to pass a law or not. Athens only had a direct democracy for 100 years. Direct democracy was the start to the democracy the US uses today, representative democracy.
  • 490 BCE

    Battle of Marathon

    The Persian Wars occurred during 499-449 BCE. The Persian Empire tried three times to conquer Greece, but failed. The Persian Empire wanted revenge after the Athenians helped one of their colonies tried to rebel against Persian rule. The first battle, battle of Marathon was won by the Greeks through the phalanx formation, which hoplites fought side by side with spears and shields. Pheidippides ran 26 miles to inform Athens of their victory.The marathon race is named after this battle.
  • 480 BCE

    Battle of Salamis

    In 480 BC, Greeks won the last battle of the Persian Wars. The battle of Salamis took place on the sea. The Greeks sunk ⅓ of the Persian fleet. As a result of the Greeks winning the Persian Wars, they were liberated from the threats of the Persians, Athens became powerful and wealthy, Athens becomes the leader of the Delian League, and they built an empire. Athens won the Persian Wars.
    https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Salamis
  • 450 BCE

    Athens

    In 450 BC, Athens creates an empire. The Athenians bullied other city-states to join the Delian League, even if they didn’t want to be and they would punish the city-states that left the league by conquering them. They would take the conquered Greeks as slaves. Athens charged harsh Delian League membership fees, which they built an empire with the funds. The empire was later conquered by King Phillip the II.
  • Period: 447 BCE to 432 BCE

    Parthenon

    In 447 BC, architects started to build the Parthenon in Athens. In 432 BC, the building of the Parthenon was finished. Pericles, the leader of Athens during the Golden Age made Athens beautiful by building the Parthenon. The Athenians built the Parthenon to celebrate the Greek goddess, Athena, the goddess of wisdom.
  • Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE

    Peloponnesian War

    In 431 BC, the Peloponnesian War occurred between Athens and Sparta, two major Greek city-states. Athens became too powerful as the leader of the Delian League, so Sparta created the Peloponnesian League. Pericles, leader of Athens built a wall surrounding Athens, which caused a plague that ended up killing ⅓ of the population. As a result of the plague, Sparta won the war in 404 BC. Athens’s advantage was a large naval fleet, however Sparta’s advantage was that they were a warrior society.
  • 404 BCE

    Sparta

    In 404 BC, Sparta defeats Athens in the Peloponnesian War. Athen’s leader, Pericles built a wall for protection, bringing all the citizens behind. There was a plague that ended up killing ⅓ of the Athenian population. As a result of the plague, Sparta wins. Phillip the II easily conquered both city-states since both were weakened by the war. Greece was conquered and became part of Alexander the Great’s empire.