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First public school for people with disabilities
Charles Michel L'Epee founded first public school for people with disabilities. This school was geared towards the teaching of language and phonetics to deaf and blind students. He is considered one of the first pioneers in the education of the disabled. -
Emile, Or on Education
Jean-Jacques Rousseau writes "Emile, Or on Education". Introduces the idea that education should correlate with a child's cognitive speed, and teaching children at their own pace. This idea of teaching children at their own speed sets the ground for many educators in the 18th century.
Dive deeper into Rousseau's ideas:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHrbtjI4uMQ -
School for the education of blind peoples
Valentin Hauy founded first school for the education of blind peoples. This school was called "Institution Nationale des Jeunes Aveugles". Many say he was one that followed in the path of L'epee. -
First school for the deaf
Rev. Thomas Gallaudet founds the first school for the deaf. This school was called "American Asylum for Education of the Deaf and Dumb".
Talk about some harsh verbiage, am I right? How times have changed. -
Council for Exceptional Children Founded
Founded by Elizabeth Farrell, provides laws to protect those with disabilities. To this day, it is the largest international professional organization dedicated to the success of children with both disabilities and gifts/ talents. CEC has units in all 50 states and Canada, 18 Special Interest Divisions, and hundreds of CEC student chapters in colleges and universities.
https://exceptionalchildren.org/about-us -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Though we remember this most for it's impact of racial segregation in schools, this also affected those with disabilities. Supreme Court Decision for all children having the right for education in equal terms. A huge feat for children of all shapes, sizes, colors, and abilities. -
Elementary and Secondary Act (ESEA)
This act served to address the inequality of opportunity to underprivileged children. ESEA provided funds for schools in order to have a proper environment for those with disabilities. This act was also amended in 1966 to establish a grant program. -
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PARC & Mills
PARC: Pennsylvania Assn. for Retarded Children vs. Commonwealth
Mills vs. Board of Education of District of Columbia
PARC dealt with the exclusion of children with mental retardation from schools, and agreed that placement decisions must include a process of parental participation.
Mills involved the act of suspending, expelling and excluding children from DC schools. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA)
Requires free and appropriate education for students with disabilities. EAHCA also established a process by which state and local agencies could be held accountable for serving all handicapped children. Congress included an elaborate system called "procedural safeguards" designed to protect both children and their parents. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
IDEA replaced EACHA. The act is a law that free public education available to children with disabilities across the nation. IDEA also governs how states and agencies provide early intervention, special education, and related services.
History of IDEA:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XMndYNEGFA
Official IDEA website:
https://sites.ed.gov/idea/about-idea/ -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
After compliance reports were examined, it was found that 36 states failed to ensure handic. children were not segregated, 44 states failed to follow rules requiring schools to help students find jobs or higher education, and 45 states failed to ensure authorities adhered to nondiscrimination laws. With much more than the majority of the states disregarding IDEA, the act was amended in 2004. Main purposes included providing ed. to a child's unique needs, and protect right of children and parents