-
The War of the First Coalition
The War of the First Coalition started by France declaring war on Austria and Prussia. The French was succeeding in defeating the powers, they gained a lot of territory. This war established the survival of the French Republic. It was the first phase of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. -
The French find the Rosetta Stone
During Napoleon's Egyptian campaign, one soilder found a black irregular shaped rock made of basalt. It had ancient writing inscribed on it; it was found near the town of Rosetta. The Greek, Egyptian hieroglyphics told archaeologists that it was made by a priest to honor the king of Egypt. -
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars from 1803 to 1815 in Waterloo. These wars were fought between the French empire led by Napoleon and many European powers. Napoleon succeeded in bringing wealth and power to France, he also had the love and respect of his people. However, in Waterloo he was finally defeated by the Quadruple Alliance once and for all. -
First Serbian Uprising
The First Serbian Uprising was at first, a local revolt against the renegade janissaries. It evolved into a war of independence, which was known as the Serbian Revolution. The Serbians didn't like how the janissaries were increasing taxes and imposing forced labor. -
Slave Trade Act
The Slave Trade Act of 1807 abolished slavery in Enland. This also encouraged England to pressure other countries to do the same. The Slave Trade Act in England mainly focused on the Atlantic Slave Trade. If any captain disobeyed the act they would have to pay fines. -
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was held from September of 1814 to June of 1815 in Austria. It was hosted by Klemens Von Metternich and there were attendees from every country, including France. What was established was a "balance of power" which created peace among the European powers. -
The Corn Laws
The Corn Laws were restrictions imposed on taxes and imported grains in Great Britain. They were designed to keep grain prices raised for domestic producers. The laws were supported by Conservative landowners and opposed by workers. -
Stamford Raffles
Stamford Raffles is a statesman from Great Britain who is known for is key discovery of Singapore. On January 29, he established a post at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. However, he was also involved in the conquest of the Indonesian island of Java. -
Greek War of Independence
The Greek War of Independence also known as the Greek Revolution was a succesful attempt at independence from the Ottomans. As the war first started, Greece wasn't doing well until Great Britain, France, and Russia backed them up to defeat the Ottoman Empire. They helped Greece to keep the "balance of power" alive. In 1832, Greece gained independence. -
French Algeria
The French Algeria lasted from 1830 to 1962 under a government system. The Mediterranean region was administered as an integral part of France. However, the interior of Algeria was never considered a part of France just like French North Africa. -
The Opium Wars
The Opium Wars took place in China when trade was only allowed at one port. A "balance of trade" was created that favored China because they didn't need anything from other European countries expect silver. Britain had very little power so they traded a drug, opium, instead. The Chinese population got addicted to it fast,This was the first Opium War. The second Opium War, which was also known as the Anglo-French war involved Britain and France fighting against China. -
Treaty of Nanking
The Treaty of Nanking was signed in August of 1842 and marked the end of the first Opium War. China was loosing greatly in the war, so British warships poised to attack the city. However, representatives from Britain and China met up and negotiated a deal and anchored in the city of Nanjing. The ultimate goal of the treay was to fix the framework of trade. -
Oregon Treaty
The Oregon Treaty was between the United States and the United Kingdom. It was signed in Washington D.C. The treaty brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute. The treaty set the U.S and British North American border at the 49th parallel. -
The Sepoy Mutiny
India was the "Jewl of the British Crown". In 1857 new rifiles were used and it was rumored that the cartridges were sealed with beef and pork fat which was against the Indian religous customs. When the British soilders changed the cartidges the citizens got even more angry. The mutiny caused the British East India Trading Company to be disbanded and replaced with the British Raj. -
France Intervention in Mexico
France intervention in Mexico also known as the Franco-Mexican war, was an invasion made by France into Mexico. This was supported by Britain and Spain at first. Later, President Juarez postponed interest payments to foreign countries which angered three major creditors of Mexico. -
Treaty of Saigon
The Treaty of Saigon was signed on June 5, 1862 between France and the emperor of the House of Nguyen. What was established is that three southern provinces go to France. -
Constituiton Act of 1867
The Constitution Act of 1867 also known as the British North America Act is a major part of Canada's Constitution. The Act created a federal dominion and defines the Government of Canada. Not only that but many amendments were also made during this time. -
The Meiji Restoration
The Meiji Restoration brought the downfall of the Tokugawa (the military government) because of internal battles. The restoration also restored the control of the country to imperial rule. In 1868, it was known as an era of major political, economic, and social change. It modernized and westernized Japan. -
Suez Canal
France had completed the canal by 1869. It was refered to at the "highway to India." It reduced the travel distance by 43%. It connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea and seperates Africa from Asia. -
Treaty of Berlin
The Treaty of Berlin was the final act of the Congress of Berlin. The goal of the congress was to decide the fate of the Principality of Bulgaria that was established in the Treaty of San Stefano. Of course, at the time, Bulgaria was not a subject of international laws. This was established at the Constantinople Conference. -
The Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference was organized by Otto Von Bismarck of Germany. All of the major Western European countries attended the conference expect a representative from Africa. This was the beginning of the "Scramble for Africa." Which basically meant that everyone got a piece of Africa. King Leopold of Beligum had recieved Congo (the grand prize). -
Congo Free State
When the Abolition of Slavery was proposed at the Berlin Conference, King Leopold would only agree if he got Congo, a state in Africa. However, the king made Congo a horror show, he decreased the population by 50%. The Congolese people had to make rubber and ivory; if they couldn't their hands would be cut off. The king thought torture was better than bullets. -
Overthrow of Hawaii
The overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii began on the island of Oahu leading to the end of the indigenous, hereditary monarchs. Which was mostly in the hands of the United States. U.S troops took part in a conspiracy led by some businessmen and sugar plantation owners. -
French West Africa
French West Africa was a number of colonies established in Africa under French rule. The federation lasted until 1960. It consisted of Mauritania, French Sudan (Mali), French Guinea, Ivory Coast, Upper Volta, Dahomey, and Niger. -
Fashoda Incident
The Fashoda Incident was the climax of imperial disputes between Britain and France in Eastern Africa. France led an expedition to Fashoda in attempt to gain control of territory, which excluded Britain. Britain was angry and France was under a lot of pressure. At the end of the day, it was a dipolmatic victory for Britain becuase France realized they needed Britain. -
Newlands Resolution
The Newlands Resolution was a joint resolution written and named after the U.S Congressmen, Francis G. Newlands. It was an Act of Congress to annex the Republic of Hawaii and create the Territory of Hawaii. It established a 5-member commission to study the laws that were needed in Hawaii. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris was an agreement that involved Spain giving the United States Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. The cession of the Philippines involved giving spain $20 million. The documents of ratification were exchanged on April 11, 1899. This is when the treaty really came into effect. -
The White Man's Burden
The White Man's Burden basically said that it was a white man's duty to rule the other countries and keep them in check. It was a poem writtin in February that stirred up a lot of emotion. People thought that it was the responsibility of the white people to govern other foreginers. -
The Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion was an uprise of peasants who attempted to drive all foreginers from China. They were called "The Boxers" because they practiced boxing and rituals in belif that this made them strong and not vulnerable. Their goal was to destroy the Westerners who had forced a privlieged position for themselves in China.
